A headrest for an ophthalmic instrument facilitates fine positioning of the instrument relative to an eye of a test subject without the need to remove a contact element of the headrest from contact with the test subject's face. The ophthalmic instrument may be, for example, a rebound tonometer or a non-contact tonometer. The headrest includes a hollow bulbous contact element formed of resiliently deformable material, for example a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) or silicone rubber. An outer surface of the contact element may have a spherical shape or a spheroidal shape when the contact element is not deformed.

The disclosure provides an optical apparatus, comprising: a source of wavelength tunable laser light or a broad band partially coherent light source, a first beam splitter receiving the light and directing a part of the light to a sample arm as illumination light and another part of the light to a reference arm as reference light, the sample arm comprising: means for directing the illumination light via a first beam splitter as a light spot to a sample, wherein an image of the light spot is reflected from the sample, a focus tunable optics receiving the image of the light spot from the sample after being transmitted through the first beam splitter and focusing the image to a detection plane, wherein a photodetector unit is adapted for receiving the recombined light from the sample arm and the reference arm. Preferably, a computing unit is connected to the photodetector unit, wherein the computing unit is configured to digitize the signal and use digital techniques to calculate wavefront error at different planes, e.g. in the human eye.

In the ophthalmic apparatus 1 of an aspect example, the image acquiring unit (the fundus camera unit 2, the OCT unit 100, the image data constructing unit 220) acquires an anterior segment image constructed based on data collected from an anterior segment of a subject's eye by OCT scanning. The part image identifying processor 231 performs identification of two or more part images respectively corresponding to two or more parts of the anterior segment from the anterior segment image acquired. The part image assessing processor 232 performs image quality assessment of each of the two or more part images. The anterior segment image assessing processor 233 performs image quality assessment of the anterior segment image based on two or more pieces of assessment data respectively obtained for the two or more part images.

The present disclosure relates to a clinical workflow, method, system and apparatus for performing an remote ocular health examination of a patient using medical equipment adapted to apparatus and emulating software and remote administration tool technology application. According to various embodiments portable medical equipment kit (OEK) can be assembled anywhere in the world connected to a computer. The MCB will have proprietary software to provide indirect to direct connection via layers. In an example embodiment, a method includes instructing a patient to position their eyes onto a camera where the image of the eyes are viewed on computer software. Where an on demand doctor can control the software that controls the cameras and review real time or near realtime the ocular images or videos via a indirect to direct connection to the main control base via a remote administration tool technology and emulating software using an internet connection.

Pupillometry systems for measuring one or more pupillary characteristics of a patient are shown and described. The puillometry systems include at least one camera for capturing image data of one or more pupils, at least one radiation source configured to project radiation to the one or more pupils, and a computer system in data communication with the at least one camera, the computer system having a processor and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes computer-readable instructions for collecting and time stamping the image data, processing the raw image data in such a way as to bring the images into conformance with standardized image parameters, identifying and measuring the one or more pupils in the image data, processing the image data to produce measurement data of change in the one or more pupillary characteristics, calculating a standardized output of measurement data for the one or more pupillary characteristics, and providing a mechanism to share or store this information with other users via a computer network. Furthermore the pupillometry system has the capability to predict expected values of pupillary indices for a given patient and display to the user the relationship between the expected value and the measured value.

A visual function inspecting system, configured to: determine, when a subject animal is arranged to face visual information moving in a predetermined direction, a moving speed of a visual line direction of the subject animal changing over time, based on information indicating the visual line direction obtained for a predetermined period of time; determine a frequency characteristic of the moving speed of the visual line direction based on the determined moving speed of the visual line direction changing over time; and inspect a visual function of the subject animal based on the determined frequency characteristic.

An OCT apparatus processes an OCT signal based on reference light and measurement light with which a subject eye is irradiated to capture a tomographic image of a tissue of the subject eye. The OCT apparatus includes a controller. The controller captures a three-dimensional tomographic image of the tissue by irradiating a two-dimensional measurement region, which expands in a direction intersecting an optical axis of the measurement light, with the measurement light. The controller extracts a two-dimensional tomographic image from the three-dimensional tomographic image to display the two-dimensional tomographic image on a display unit. The controller sets an additional imaging position of a tomographic image in a state where the two-dimensional tomographic image is displayed on the display unit. The controller performs additional capturing of a tomographic image by irradiating the set additional imaging position with the measurement light.

A panum's area measurement method includes: projecting a first parallax image of a spatial object to the left eye of a user under test, and projecting a second parallax image of the spatial object to the right eye of the user under test, the first parallax image comprising a first homologous point and the second parallax image comprising a second homologous point; adjusting a horizontal parallax amount between the first homologous point and the second homologous point until the user under test observes the spatial object producing a ghost; acquiring a parallax amount parameter Δn.sub.e; calculating a horizontal physical spacing Δx between the first homologous point and the second homologous point based on the parallax amount parameter Δn.sub.e; and calculating a panum's area range (μ.sub.in, μ.sub.out) of the user under test based on the horizontal physical spacing Δx.

An evaluation device for tear secretion uses an air nozzle and a thermal camera device to cause minor irritations to the eyes and record the temperature changes of the eyes to evaluate the quantity of the tear secretion and to determine whether the subject is able to perform reflex tearing normally or not.

A method for collecting biometric measurement data of an eye on the basis of different measurement modalities, allowing for physiologically correct, representative, and robust biometric measurement data. In the method, the measurement data for individual measurement variables and the dynamic behavior of the eye are recorded continuously at the highest possible repetition rate over the measurement time. The individual phases of the dynamics of the eye which define the limits of the phase for stable vision are analyzed on the basis of the measurement values, and only the measurement data for the individual measurement variables are output which have been detected during the phase for stable vision. Although the proposed method is provided for collecting biometric measurement data in preparation for a cataract operation, the method can also be applied to other areas of ophthalmology to generate error-free measurement data or recordings of the eye.