A resonance tube of a horn according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first resonance tube and a second resonance tube branching from the first resonance tube at a branching portion. The first resonance tube is a resonance tube that resonates with a first sound contained in a chord generated by a diaphragm. The first resonance tube includes: an input opening surface to which the chord is input; and a first opening surface from which the first sound is output. The second resonance tube is a resonance tube that resonates with a second sound contained in the chord. The second resonance tube includes a second opening surface from which the second sound is output. The second opening surface is displaced from the first opening surface in a normal direction K1.

A resonance tube of a horn according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first resonance tube and a second resonance tube branching from the first resonance tube at a branching portion. The first resonance tube is a resonance tube that resonates with a first sound contained in a chord generated by a diaphragm. The first resonance tube includes: an input opening surface to which the chord is input; and a first opening surface from which the first sound is output. The second resonance tube is a resonance tube that resonates with a second sound contained in the chord. The second resonance tube includes a second opening surface from which the second sound is output. The second opening surface is displaced from the first opening surface in a normal direction K1.

An ultrasonic air data system (UADS) can include a body configured to mount to an aircraft, an acoustic signal shaping feature associated with the body, and an acoustic source operatively connected to the acoustic signal shaping feature, the acoustic source configured to emit a directional acoustic signal. The acoustic signal shaping feature can be configured to reshape the directional acoustic signal from the acoustic source into an at least partially reshaped signal. The system can include one or more acoustic receivers disposed on or at least partially within the body for receiving the reshaped signal.

Ultrasonic transducers that include membrane films and perforated baseplates. An ultrasonic transducer includes a baseplate having a conductive surface with a plurality of apertures, openings, or perforations formed thereon or therethrough, and a membrane film having a conductive surface. The membrane film is positioned adjacent to the apertures, openings, or perforations formed on or through the baseplate. By applying a voltage between the conductive surface of the membrane film and the conductive surface of the baseplate, an electrical force of attraction can be created between the membrane film and the baseplate. Varying this applied voltage can cause the membrane film to undergo vibrational motion. The dimensions corresponding to the size and/or shape of the apertures, openings, or perforations formed on or through the baseplate can be varied so that different regions of the baseplate produce different frequency responses, allowing the net bandwidth of the ultrasonic transducer to be increased.

Ultrasonic transducers that include membrane films and perforated baseplates. An ultrasonic transducer includes a baseplate having a conductive surface with a plurality of apertures, openings, or perforations formed thereon or therethrough, and a membrane film having a conductive surface. The membrane film is positioned adjacent to the apertures, openings, or perforations formed on or through the baseplate. By applying a voltage between the conductive surface of the membrane film and the conductive surface of the baseplate, an electrical force of attraction can be created between the membrane film and the baseplate. Varying this applied voltage can cause the membrane film to undergo vibrational motion. The dimensions corresponding to the size and/or shape of the apertures, openings, or perforations formed on or through the baseplate can be varied so that different regions of the baseplate produce different frequency responses, allowing the net bandwidth of the ultrasonic transducer to be increased.

An acoustic sensor, including a carrier element, a diaphragm element, which is situated on a first side of the carrier element, and an electroacoustic transducer, which is situated on a side of the diaphragm element facing the carrier element and is configured to induce at least a region of the diaphragm element to vibrate; at at least an edge region, the diaphragm element having a retaining region, which extends in the direction of the carrier element and embraces a subregion of the carrier element.

An acoustic sensor, including a carrier element, a diaphragm element, which is situated on a first side of the carrier element, and an electroacoustic transducer, which is situated on a side of the diaphragm element facing the carrier element and is configured to induce at least a region of the diaphragm element to vibrate; at at least an edge region, the diaphragm element having a retaining region, which extends in the direction of the carrier element and embraces a subregion of the carrier element.

A vehicle computing system may implement techniques to dynamically adjust a volume and/or frequency of a sound emitted from a vehicle to warn an object (e.g., dynamic object) of a potential conflict with the vehicle. The techniques may include determining a baseline noise level and/or frequencies proximate to the object. The baseline noise level and/or frequencies may be determined based on an identification of one or more noise generating objects in the environment. The vehicle computing system may determine the volume and/or a frequency of the sound based in part on the baseline noise level and/or frequencies, an urgency of the warning, a probability of conflict between the vehicle and the object, a speed of the object, etc.

A vehicle computing system may implement techniques to dynamically adjust a volume and/or frequency of a sound emitted from a vehicle to warn an object (e.g., dynamic object) of a potential conflict with the vehicle. The techniques may include determining a baseline noise level and/or frequencies proximate to the object. The baseline noise level and/or frequencies may be determined based on an identification of one or more noise generating objects in the environment. The vehicle computing system may determine the volume and/or a frequency of the sound based in part on the baseline noise level and/or frequencies, an urgency of the warning, a probability of conflict between the vehicle and the object, a speed of the object, etc.

Apparatus for detecting a proper wearing status of a safety belt of a safety belt assembly in a motor vehicle includes a sensor device which is at least partially disposed in or on the safety belt and configured to output a sensor value as a function of a dependency on a disposition of the safety belt. An evaluation device determines in response to the sensor value output by the sensor device, whether an occupant of the motor vehicle properly wears the safety belt.