An in-ear device is implemented as part of an audio system to present a user with improved audio content within an artificial reality system. The in-ear device is a fully integrated device with an internal microphone, an external microphone, and a transducer in which portions of the transducer form portions of the body of the device. This integration of transducer into the body of the in-ear device reduces the size of the in-ear device and allows for placement deeper within the ear canal of the user. The transducer generates audio content based on instructions received from an audio system that may be located on a device that is external to the in-ear device. The external microphone provides hear-through functionality, while the internal microphone provides feedback information to the audio system.

An ultrasonic transducer including a membrane film and a perforated baseplate. The baseplate can have a conductive surface with a plurality of perforations formed through the baseplate. The membrane film can have a conductive surface and be positioned under tension proximate to the perforations formed through the baseplate. The tension of the membrane film can be controlled to provide a restoring force to counteract the moving mass of the membrane film, and the moving mass of air in the perforations of the baseplate. By selecting the diameter(s) of the perforations of the baseplate, the thickness of the baseplate, the thickness of the membrane film, the tension of the membrane film, and/or the bending stiffness of the membrane film, a wide bandpass frequency response of the ultrasonic transducer centered at an ultrasonic frequency of interest can be obtained and tailored to a desired application.

An ultrasonic transducer including a membrane film and a perforated baseplate. The baseplate can have a conductive surface with a plurality of perforations formed through the baseplate. The membrane film can have a conductive surface and be positioned under tension proximate to the perforations formed through the baseplate. The tension of the membrane film can be controlled to provide a restoring force to counteract the moving mass of the membrane film, and the moving mass of air in the perforations of the baseplate. By selecting the diameter(s) of the perforations of the baseplate, the thickness of the baseplate, the thickness of the membrane film, the tension of the membrane film, and/or the bending stiffness of the membrane film, a wide bandpass frequency response of the ultrasonic transducer centered at an ultrasonic frequency of interest can be obtained and tailored to a desired application.

A programmable, deformable incident-energy shaper comprising: a base having top and bottom surfaces with a perforation there-between; a protrusion connected to, and extending outwardly from, a center of the top surface; a deformable layer firmly attached to the base's perimeter and to a tip of the protrusion such that a majority of the deformable layer is suspended in free space between the tip and the perimeter, wherein the deformable layer is configured to flex inwardly or outwardly, and wherein the perforation provides a fluid channel to ambient fluid; and an actuator, operatively coupled to the deformable layer and configured to cause the deformable layer to flex inwardly or outwardly upon command.

A loudspeaker arrangement comprises a transducer arranged in a loudspeaker enclosure, the loudspeaker enclosure enclosing a rear part of the transducer, and an aperture-defining structure (hereinafter, the aperture) mounted on a front side of the transducer in a direction of propagation of sound emitted by the transducer. The transducer is configured to emit sound within a wide frequency range, and at frequencies of above a predetermined threshold. The aperture is configured to amplify sound at predetermined frequencies or within a predetermined frequency range within the wide frequency range, and to let sound at all other frequencies within the wide frequency range pass essentially unaltered. The loudspeaker enclosure is sized such that the resonance frequency of the loudspeaker enclosure matches the resonance frequency of the transducer in free air, wherein the resonance frequency of the transducer in free air is below the predetermined threshold.

Techniques for using ball joint sensor data to determine conditions relevant to a vehicle are described in this disclosure. For example, in one example, the ball joint sensor data may be used to determine a ride height at a portion of the vehicle, which may be used to determine roll data and/or pitch data. The ride height, roll data, and/or pitch data may be directly used to navigate through an environment, such as by the vehicle relying on the data when interpreting sensor data or planning driving operations. Also, the ride height, roll data, and/or pitch data may be used to verify the reliability of other sensor data used to navigate through the environment.

In one embodiment, there is provided an asymmetrical acoustic horn. The asymmetrical acoustic horn includes a single acoustic waveguide. The single acoustic waveguide includes a first asymmetrical horn section configured to support one or more first acoustic transducers, and a second asymmetrical horn section configured to support one or more second acoustic transducers, the one or more second acoustic transducers having a different frequency range than the one or more first acoustic transducers. The first asymmetrical horn section and the second asymmetrical horn section are contiguous with each other and are configured to separate respective ones of the one or more first acoustic transducers from corresponding ones of the one or more second acoustic transducers by a corresponding one or more predetermined and fixed distances.

Ultrasonic transducers that include membrane films and perforated baseplates. An ultrasonic transducer includes a baseplate having a conductive surface with a plurality of apertures, openings, or perforations formed thereon or therethrough, and a membrane film having a conductive surface. The membrane film is positioned adjacent to the apertures, openings, or perforations formed on or through the baseplate. By applying a voltage between the conductive surface of the membrane film and the conductive surface of the baseplate, an electrical force of attraction can be created between the membrane film and the baseplate. Varying this applied voltage can cause the membrane film to undergo vibrational motion. The dimensions corresponding to the size and/or shape of the apertures, openings, or perforations formed on or through the baseplate can be varied so that different regions of the baseplate produce different frequency responses, allowing the net bandwidth of the ultrasonic transducer to be increased.

Ultrasonic transducers that include membrane films and perforated baseplates. An ultrasonic transducer includes a baseplate having a conductive surface with a plurality of apertures, openings, or perforations formed thereon or therethrough, and a membrane film having a conductive surface. The membrane film is positioned adjacent to the apertures, openings, or perforations formed on or through the baseplate. By applying a voltage between the conductive surface of the membrane film and the conductive surface of the baseplate, an electrical force of attraction can be created between the membrane film and the baseplate. Varying this applied voltage can cause the membrane film to undergo vibrational motion. The dimensions corresponding to the size and/or shape of the apertures, openings, or perforations formed on or through the baseplate can be varied so that different regions of the baseplate produce different frequency responses, allowing the net bandwidth of the ultrasonic transducer to be increased.

A multi-audio stethoscope head comprising a head body (1) including a sound collecting surface (11), a vibrating diaphragm, and a fastener. The sound collecting surface (11) is provided with a sound guiding hole (16), and the fastener (3) is provided with an axial through hole (33), a fastener sidewall (31) for attaching to the head body (1), and a diaphragm pressing portion (32) for tightly attaching the vibrating diaphragm (2) to the head body (1). The vibrating diaphragm (2) is disposed between the diaphragm pressing portion (32) and the head body (1). Protruding poles (6) protruding toward the vibrating diaphragm (2) is arranged on the sound collecting surface (11) at the radially inner side of the through hole (33), and when the vibrating diaphragm (2) is not subject to external pressure, the vibrating diaphragm (2) is spaced from the protruding poles (6).