A method and system for creating a design plan to test a product characteristic are described. One or more factors, level corresponding to the factors, and partitions for testing the product characteristic are determined. For each partition, an active matrix is generated. The product characteristic can be tested at each partition using the levels for the factors specified by the corresponding active matrix.

To measure target component concentration in a liquid with higher accuracy without any dedicated apparatus or skill, a method is adapted to include: receiving a successive measurement value obtained by performing successive measurement of the target component concentration with use of a first measurement device immersed in the liquid; receiving a batch measurement value obtained by, with use of a second measurement device, performing batch measurement of the target component concentration in a part sampled from the liquid; and, when the batch measurement value is received, successively calculating a correlation value indicating the correlation between multiple successive measurement values and multiple batch measurement values respectively obtained in mutually corresponding multiple times of successive measurement and multiple times of batch measurement. In addition, the first measurement device is adapted to calculate the target component concentration or correct a successive measurement value with use of the latest correlation value.

The present invention relates to a device for the discrimination of biological tissues, such that it is capable of carrying out the discrimination of tissue under complicated operating conditions, for example due to the presence of contaminating elements given off by a cutting operation, due to the presence of moisture in the biological tissue, or due to the presence of a non-controlled atmosphere that interferes with the results of the readings. The invention allows building more complex devices, including cutting instruments, such that it is possible to carry out a surgical intervention in a safe manner by preventing cutting into tissues that are to be avoided during said cutting operation.

The present invention relates to a device for the discrimination of biological tissues, such that it is capable of carrying out the discrimination of tissue under complicated operating conditions, for example due to the presence of contaminating elements given off by a cutting operation, due to the presence of moisture in the biological tissue, or due to the presence of a non-controlled atmosphere that interferes with the results of the readings. The invention allows building more complex devices, including cutting instruments, such that it is possible to carry out a surgical intervention in a safe manner by preventing cutting into tissues that are to be avoided during said cutting operation.

A chemical sensor may include an electrode array for electrically interfacing with a fluid sample. The sensor can apply an electrical potential to the sample in order to effect a current flow within the sample. The sensor can measure the resulting current through the sample and determine characteristics about the fluid sample from the current measurement. In one mode of operation of the sensor, the applied electrical potential can be controlled to cause desired electrochemical reactions, such as oxidation or reduction, to occur within the sample to determine the concentration of the oxidized or reduced sample constituent. In another mode of operation, the applied electrical potential causes a current to flow simply due to the conductivity of the sample. In various embodiments, the sensor comprises a controller and a switch for switching between various modes of operation and applying appropriate electric potentials to the sample.

Transport and surface chemistry of certain deposition techniques is modeled. Methods provide a model of the transport inside nanostructures as a single-particle discrete Markov chain process. This approach decouples the complexity of the surface chemistry from the transport model, thus allowing its application under general surface chemistry conditions, including atomic layer deposition (ALD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Methods provide for determination of determine statistical information of the trajectory of individual molecules, such as the average interaction time or the number of wall collisions for molecules entering the nanostructures as well as to track the relative contributions to thin-film growth of different independent reaction pathways at each point of the feature.

Systems and methods are provided for identifying a precursor ion without using any a priori precursor ion information. In one method, a sample is analyzed using a tandem mass spectrometer, producing at least one measured product ion spectrum from a precursor mass-to-charge ratio range. The at least one measured product ion spectrum are received. A subset of measured product ions is selected from the at least one measured product ion spectrum. A list of candidate compounds is created by searching a dictionary of potential compounds that includes one or more predicted product ions for each of the potential compounds using the subset of measured product ions. A candidate compound on the list is selected as the identified compound. In another method, the measured product ions are assumed to correspond to shortened forms of the peptide and a protein database is searched for shortened forms of the peptide.

Systems and methods are provided for identifying a precursor ion without using any a priori precursor ion information. In one method, a sample is analyzed using a tandem mass spectrometer, producing at least one measured product ion spectrum from a precursor mass-to-charge ratio range. The at least one measured product ion spectrum are received. A subset of measured product ions is selected from the at least one measured product ion spectrum. A list of candidate compounds is created by searching a dictionary of potential compounds that includes one or more predicted product ions for each of the potential compounds using the subset of measured product ions. A candidate compound on the list is selected as the identified compound. In another method, the measured product ions are assumed to correspond to shortened forms of the peptide and a protein database is searched for shortened forms of the peptide.

A method, non-transitory computer readable medium, and pharmaceutical assessment computing device that effectively reformulates and repositions pharmaceutical molecule data. With this technology, therapeutic area data comprising a medical condition and pharmaceutical molecule data corresponding to the medical condition is obtained. The pharmaceutical molecule data comprises pharmaceutical molecule identifiers and usage data parameters with corresponding usage data values for each of the pharmaceutical molecule identifiers. Each of the usage data values is compared to a corresponding usage threshold value. Reformulation opportunities are determined for each of the pharmaceutical molecule identifiers comprising a usage data value that exceeds the corresponding usage threshold value. The reformulation opportunities comprise the usage data parameters and associated usage data values corresponding to the pharmaceutical molecule identifiers which comprise a usage data value that exceeds the corresponding usage threshold value. A pharmaceutical molecule report based on the reformulation opportunities is provided.

The invention synthesizes a social network, electronic commerce (including performance based advertisement and electronic payment), a mobile internet device and a machine learning algorithm(s), utilizing a classical computer or a quantum computer enhanced machine learning algorithm(s), utilizing a quantum computer. The synthesized social commerce further dynamically integrates stored information, real time information and real time information/data/image(s) from an object/array of objects (Internet of Things (IoT)). The machine learning algorithm(s), utilizing a classical computer can include a software agent, a fuzzy logic algorithm, a predictive algorithm, an intelligence rendering algorithm and a self-learning (including relearning) algorithm.