Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful intermediates and products, such as energy, fuels, foods or materials. Systems, methods and equipment are described for upgrading process streams using electrodialysis or electrodialysis reversal.

A radiation-shielding curtain (20) of the kind used at the conveyor entrance and exit openings of a radiographic inspection system or irradiation system is composed of a large number of straight, slender, vertically suspended rods (21) which have a convex outwardly rounded cross-sectional profile and a smooth low friction surface.

A radiation-shielding curtain (20) of the kind used at the conveyor entrance and exit openings of a radiographic inspection system or irradiation system is composed of a large number of straight, slender, vertically suspended rods (21) which have a convex outwardly rounded cross-sectional profile and a smooth low friction surface.

A system includes a gantry of a medical imaging apparatus. In an embodiment, the gantry includes an X-ray source, and a radiation protection booth, which can be installed or suspended relative to the gantry.

A radiation area monitor device/method, utilizing: a radiation sensor having a directional radiation sensing capability; a rotation mechanism operable for selectively rotating the radiation sensor such that the directional radiation sensing capability selectively sweeps an area of interest; and a processor operable for analyzing and storing a radiation fingerprint acquired by the radiation sensor as the directional radiation sensing capability selectively sweeps the area of interest. Optionally, the radiation sensor includes a gamma and/or neutron radiation sensor. The device/method selectively operates in: a first supervised mode during which a baseline radiation fingerprint is acquired by the radiation sensor; and a second unsupervised mode during which a subsequent radiation fingerprint is acquired by the radiation sensor, wherein the subsequent radiation fingerprint is compared to the baseline radiation fingerprint and, if a predetermined difference threshold is exceeded, an alert is issued.

The present disclosure, in an embodiment, is a facility that includes a device configured to generate a beam having an energy range of 5 MeV to 500 MeV, a first radiation shielding wall surrounding the device, a second radiation shielding wall surrounding the first radiation shielding wall, radiation shielding fill material positioned between the first radiation shielding wall and the second radiation shielding wall forming a first barrier. In embodiments, the radiation shielding fill material includes at least fifty percent by weight of an element having an atomic number from 12 to 83, and a thickness of the first barrier is 0.5 meter to 6 meters.

The present disclosure, in an embodiment, is a facility that includes a device configured to generate a beam having an energy range of 5 MeV to 500 MeV, a first radiation shielding wall surrounding the device, a second radiation shielding wall surrounding the first radiation shielding wall, radiation shielding fill material positioned between the first radiation shielding wall and the second radiation shielding wall forming a first barrier. In embodiments, the radiation shielding fill material includes at least fifty percent by weight of an element having an atomic number from 12 to 83, and a thickness of the first barrier is 0.5 meter to 6 meters.

Methods for setting up, maintaining and operating a radiopharmaceutical infusion system, that includes a radioisotope generator, are facilitated by a computer of the system. The computer may include pre-programmed instructions and a computer interface, for interaction with a user of the system, for example, in order to track contained volumes of eluant and/or eluate, and/or to track time from completion of an elution performed by the system, and/or to calculate one or more system and/or injection parameters for quality control, and/or to perform purges of the system, and/or to facilitate diagnostic imaging.

Methods for setting up, maintaining and operating a radiopharmaceutical infusion system, that includes a radioisotope generator, are facilitated by a computer of the system. The computer may include pre-programmed instructions and a computer interface, for interaction with a user of the system, for example, in order to track contained volumes of eluant and/or eluate, and/or to track time from completion of an elution performed by the system, and/or to calculate one or more system and/or injection parameters for quality control, and/or to perform purges of the system, and/or to facilitate diagnostic imaging.

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful intermediates and products, such as energy, fuels, foods or materials. Systems, methods and equipment are described for upgrading process streams using electrodialysis or electrodialysis reversal.