Systems, methods, and devices for electrical power generation are disclosed. A device includes a radioactive source that emits radiation including at least one of: electrically charged particles; electrically neutral particles; or electromagnetic radiation; an ion media positioned adjacent to the radioactive source, wherein the ion media comprises a material that releases electrons in response to exposure to radiation; a set of two or more electrodes configured to: establish an electric field across the ion media; capture electrons released by the ion media in response to exposure to radiation emitted by the radioactive source; and generate electric current from the captured electrons. The device includes a supplemental power supply electrically connected to the set of two or more electrodes. The device includes an electrical load electrically connected to the set of two or more electrodes.

Systems, methods, and devices for electrical power generation are disclosed. A device includes a radioactive source that emits radiation including at least one of: electrically charged particles; electrically neutral particles; or electromagnetic radiation; an ion media positioned adjacent to the radioactive source, wherein the ion media comprises a material that releases electrons in response to exposure to radiation; a set of two or more electrodes configured to: establish an electric field across the ion media; capture electrons released by the ion media in response to exposure to radiation emitted by the radioactive source; and generate electric current from the captured electrons. The device includes a supplemental power supply electrically connected to the set of two or more electrodes. The device includes an electrical load electrically connected to the set of two or more electrodes.

A system includes a nuclear reactor having a plurality of fuel rods of radioactive decay material distributed within and embedded within a heat exchange matrix. A plurality of coolant tubes is distributed within and embedded within the heat exchange matrix, interspersed with the plurality of fuel rods. The heat exchange matrix is configured to conduct heat from the fuel rods to the coolant tubes.

An alpha voltaic device for generating electrical power from the decay of alpha particles is provided. The device includes a substrate; an anode disposed on the substrate having an anode pad, a primary anodic electrode, and at least two branch anodic electrodes; a cathode disposed on the substrate having a cathode pad, a primary cathodic electrode, and at least two branch cathodic electrode; and an electrolytic semimetal deposited on the anode and cathode. The branch cathodic electrodes can extend toward the primary anodic electrode, and the branch anodic electrode can extend toward the primary cathodic electrode. Each of the branch anodic and branch cathodic electrodes can be interdigitated. The anode and cathode can be formed from gold (Au) and the electrolytic semimetal can be gallium (Ga). A process for manufacturing the alpha voltaic device using a photoresist mask is also provided.

An alpha voltaic device for generating electrical power from the decay of alpha particles is provided. The device includes a substrate; an anode disposed on the substrate having an anode pad, a primary anodic electrode, and at least two branch anodic electrodes; a cathode disposed on the substrate having a cathode pad, a primary cathodic electrode, and at least two branch cathodic electrode; and an electrolytic semimetal deposited on the anode and cathode. The branch cathodic electrodes can extend toward the primary anodic electrode, and the branch anodic electrode can extend toward the primary cathodic electrode. Each of the branch anodic and branch cathodic electrodes can be interdigitated. The anode and cathode can be formed from gold (Au) and the electrolytic semimetal can be gallium (Ga). A process for manufacturing the alpha voltaic device using a photoresist mask is also provided.

A method of making a radioisotopic power source, including receiving a predetermined amount of a plurality of Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) particles within a reactor vessel, degassing the received predetermined amount of the MOF. The degassing includes placing the predetermined amount of the MOF under vacuum conditions, heating the received predetermined amount of the MOF above a first predetermined temperature for a first predetermined time period, and sealing the heated MOF. The method also includes cooling the heated and sealed predetermined amount of the MOF to a second predetermined temperature, while maintaining a pressure of the reactor vessel to a first predetermined pressure value for a second predetermined time period, receiving a predetermined amount of a plurality of beta emitter particles at a gaseous state and mixing the predetermined amount of beta emitter particles with the cooled predetermined amount of the MOF.

A nuclear battery includes a radiation source, a magnet, and an antenna. The radiation source is configured to emit electrons. The magnet has an N pole and an S pole facing each other with the radiation source disposed therebetween so as to provide a magnetic field to the radiation source. The antenna surrounds at least a portion of the radiation source in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field and is configured to absorb electromagnetic waves generated by electrons accelerated by the magnetic field in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field.

A nuclear battery includes a radiation source, a magnet, and an antenna. The radiation source is configured to emit electrons. The magnet has an N pole and an S pole facing each other with the radiation source disposed therebetween so as to provide a magnetic field to the radiation source. The antenna surrounds at least a portion of the radiation source in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field and is configured to absorb electromagnetic waves generated by electrons accelerated by the magnetic field in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field.