A reactor block to extract hydrogen from water includes a first opening configured to receive gasified water, a second opening, and a reactor plate. A channel is formed in the reactor plate and disposed in a fluid path between the first opening and the second opening and a radioactive coating is applied to the channel. The second opening is configured to eject hydrogen generated by radiolysis of at least a portion of the gasified water received at the first opening and passed through the channel to the second opening.

A heat keeping structure includes an additive, a first powdered substance and a second powdered substance. The additive and the first powdered substance are mixed to form the second powdered substance which is molded by a spinning device to form the heat keeping structure. The additive includes a radioactive mineral substance, a calcium silicate substance and a halobios calcium which are mixed and treated by a nanotechnology. Thus, the heat keeping structure has radioactive and activating functions, promotes blood circulation and has a heat keeping effect by provision of the radioactive mineral substance. In addition, the heat keeping structure has low thermal conductivity and has a heat storage function by provision of the calcium silicate substance. Further, the heat keeping structure has antibacterial, mildewproof, moisture absorption, deodorizing and anti-static effects by provision of the halobios calcium.

A heat keeping structure includes an additive, a first powdered substance and a second powdered substance. The additive and the first powdered substance are mixed to form the second powdered substance which is molded by a spinning device to form the heat keeping structure. The additive includes a radioactive mineral substance, a calcium silicate substance and a halobios calcium which are mixed and treated by a nanotechnology. Thus, the heat keeping structure has radioactive and activating functions, promotes blood circulation and has a heat keeping effect by provision of the radioactive mineral substance. In addition, the heat keeping structure has low thermal conductivity and has a heat storage function by provision of the calcium silicate substance. Further, the heat keeping structure has antibacterial, mildewproof, moisture absorption, deodorizing and anti-static effects by provision of the halobios calcium.

Provided are a method of soldering a functionalized metal oxide, and an electronic device manufactured thereby, and more particularly, a method of soldering a functionalized metal oxide which is capable of growing a solder structure by a hydrothermal synthesis method using a pulsed laser, and is usable in a UV sensor, and an electronic device manufactured thereby. According to the present invention, thermal diffusion generated from a laser is limited due to the use of a pulsed laser, and thus, nanosolder having high density and a shape to be precisely adjustable may be prepared by a hydrothermal synthesis method by the pulsed laser, thereby facilitating the joining of the nanostructure, and further, the nanosolder is formed between the nanostructures, thereby being usable as a metal oxide structure having functionality.

Cured flexible sealant may be removed from a substrate if the cured flexible sealant includes within its volume a susceptor such as metal susceptor particles. Removal proceeds by exposing the sealant with the susceptor to radio-frequency radiation sufficient to cause dielectric heating in the susceptor. The consequent heating in the cured sealant reduces the bond strength of the cured sealant. The reduced bond-strength sealant may be removed by physical methods, such as scraping etc., much more easily than the original (unexposed) cured sealant. Also disclosed are sealant compositions with susceptor, susceptor tools to introduce susceptor into cured sealant, and handheld radio-frequency heaters to apply radio-frequency radiation to cured sealant.

A photochemical process for decorating hydrophobic surfaces with nanoparticles includes the steps of providing a metal precursor having hydrophobic parts adapted to interact with assistance of a photosensitizer; and forming a reactive adduct photosensitizer/precursor-metal/surface, preparing the surface to grow metal nanoparticles in situ having sizes and shapes governed by the morphology of the surface. The formed nanoparticles are sufficiently isolated, not aggregated and not interconnected, and do not create a film but maintain the chemical properties of substrate and metal. Surfaces so selectively decorated have hydrophobic properties even with hydrophilic substrates. Substrates with multiple chemical functionalities are thereby obtained, which can selectively bind different molecules or biomolecules onto the substrate and the surface of the metal nanoparticles surface. A process according to the invention also allows decorating surfaces with two or more metallic species. Decorated substrates obtained with a process according to the invention are also disclosed.

A method including: flowing a liquid carrier medium (12) having a supply (14) of metal particles (16) across a surface (20) of a substrate (10); directing an energy beam (30) through the flowing liquid carrier medium toward the surface; and heating at least some of the metal particles in the liquid carrier medium with the energy beam to form a metallic deposit (32) that is bonded to the substrate surface and that is covered by the liquid carrier medium.

A method of forming a thermal barrier coating on a metal part includes laser cleaning a surface of the metal part to remove undesirable oxides and residues from the surface of the part. It further includes depositing an aluminum containing bondcoat on the part and thermally interdiffusing the bondcoat and the part with a heat treatment. Laser cleaning a surface of the bondcoat to remove oxides and debris from the surface forms an alpha aluminum oxide layer on the bondcoat. A ceramic topcoat is then deposited on the alpha aluminum oxide layer at a temperature above 1800 F. (982 C.).

A true random number generator (TRNG) is disclosed that includes an enclosure. The enclosure enfolds a radioactive source, defining a radioactive source surface and a cavity separating the radioactive source from an array of cells, which defines an array surface with an edge. Each cell in the array comprises a detector constructed to detect electrons within the cavity from the decay of the radioactive source and to produce a signal for the detected energy. A projection of the radioactive source surface onto the array surface extends beyond the edge and encompasses the array surface.

A true random number generator (TRNG) is disclosed that includes an enclosure. The enclosure enfolds a radioactive source, defining a radioactive source surface and a cavity separating the radioactive source from an array of cells, which defines an array surface with an edge. Each cell in the array comprises a detector constructed to detect electrons within the cavity from the decay of the radioactive source and to produce a signal for the detected energy. A projection of the radioactive source surface onto the array surface extends beyond the edge and encompasses the array surface.