A nail lamp for curing UV-curable nail gel uses light emitting diodes (LEDs) that emit ultraviolet light and are relatively lower power. The nail lamp is powered from an exterior power source, such as a wall socket, or by a rechargeable battery pack. A battery compartment of the nail lamp holds the battery pack, which is removable without disassembling the nail lamp. The nail lamp is easily transportable to different locations and can be used even when a wall socket is unavailable. A curing time of the nail lamp is user-selectable. The nail lamp can also include detection sensors to detect a person's hand or foot in a treatment chamber and automatically turn on or off the LEDs.

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.

Disclosed herein is a portable information terminal performing operation of a first operation item at a desired position. The portable information terminal is separated from a charged particle beam irradiation apparatus performing processing of a sample by irradiating the sample with a charged particle beam, and includes a display controller causing a display unit to display an image containing a graphical user interface (GUI) capable of operating a first operation item based on operation by a user, the first operation item being one or more operation items among a plurality of items operable in the charged particle beam irradiation apparatus.

A quantum computing system, method, and computer readable medium involves initializing a state of a resonator-coupled quantum emitter having at least four levels arranged in an N-configuration, the N-configuration having a first ground state, a second ground state, a first excited state and a second excited state. A frequency of a first transition between the first ground state and the first excited state is tuned, a frequency of a second transition between the second ground state and the second excited state is tuned, and a frequency of a third transition between the second ground state and the first excited state is tuned. A plurality of photons are fed at a frequency corresponding to the frequency of the second transition, thereby entangling the plurality of photons to the resonator-coupled quantum emitter. Likewise, a photon at a frequency corresponding to the frequency of at least one of the first transition or the third transition is fed, thereby mapping a state of the resonator-coupled quantum emitter into a photon.

A quantum computing system, method, and computer readable medium involves initializing a state of a resonator-coupled quantum emitter having at least four levels arranged in an N-configuration, the N-configuration having a first ground state, a second ground state, a first excited state and a second excited state. A frequency of a first transition between the first ground state and the first excited state is tuned, a frequency of a second transition between the second ground state and the second excited state is tuned, and a frequency of a third transition between the second ground state and the first excited state is tuned. A plurality of photons are fed at a frequency corresponding to the frequency of the second transition, thereby entangling the plurality of photons to the resonator-coupled quantum emitter. Likewise, a photon at a frequency corresponding to the frequency of at least one of the first transition or the third transition is fed, thereby mapping a state of the resonator-coupled quantum emitter into a photon.

Embodiments of systems, devices, and methods relate to a modular diagnostics interface system. An example modular diagnostics interface system includes one or more insertable measurement boards configured to communicably couple with a backplane of a modular measurement rack, and configured to collect a measured current from a component of a beamline.

Embodiments of systems, devices, and methods relate to a modular diagnostics interface system. An example modular diagnostics interface system includes one or more insertable measurement boards configured to communicably couple with a backplane of a modular measurement rack, and configured to collect a measured current from a component of a beamline.

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy or sugary materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy or sugary materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.