An electrode element (1) for an energy storage unit (200), such as a capacitor, has an electrode body (100) made of an active electrode material (E), wherein the electrode body (100) includes one or more of: at least one cavity (110) on its surface or in its interior; at least one partial volume (120) of lower density; and/or a surface coating (D) covering at least a portion of the surface of the electrode body (100), such that the surface area covered by the surface coating (D) remains unwetted when in contact with an electrolyte. Energy storage units (200) incorporating the electrode element (1) are particularly suitable for use in implantable electrotherapeutic devices.

In an embodiment, an electronic component fuse 10 includes: (1) an insulator sleeve 11 having a hollow part 11a that opens to the exterior at both ends; (2) a conductor element 12 having a fusible part 12a whose cross-section is smaller than the cross-section of the hollow part 11a, a first engagement part 12b provided at one end of the fusible part 12a, and a second engagement part 12c provided at the other end of the fusible part 12a, where the fusible part 12a is positioned in the hollow part 11a, the first engagement part 12b and the second engagement part 12c are disposed on the respective ends of the insulator sleeve 11; (3) a first terminal 13 having a first connection part 13a connected to the first engagement part 12b; and (4) a second terminal 14 having a second connection part 14a connected to the second engagement part 12c.

A porous aluminum electrode has a porous layer formed by sintering aluminum powder on the surface of an aluminum core. The porous aluminum electrode, when subjected to a formation to a voltage of 200V or more, is boiled and then subjected to a first forming process in which formation is performed in an aqueous solution of ammonium adipate at a temperature of 80° C. or below and a second forming process in which formation is performed in a boric acid aqueous solution. When heat depolarization is first carried out, washing with water is performed for five minutes or more before heat depolarization; therefore, the porous layer is not destroyed.

This disclosure provides collector plates for an energy storage device, energy storage devices with a collector plate, and methods for manufacturing the same. In one aspect, a collector plate includes a body. One or more apertures extend into the body. The apertures are configured to allow a portion of a free end of a spirally wound current collector of a spirally wound electrode for an energy storage device to extend into the one or more apertures.

A capacitor electrode includes a collector, and an electrode layer disposed in contact with the collector and capable of inserting and releasing cations. The electrode layer includes first carbon material particles capable of inserting and releasing cations and second carbon material particles capable of inserting and releasing cations. The average particle diameter of primary particles of the second carbon material particles is smaller than the average particle diameter of primary particles of the first carbon material particles. In the electrode layer, the content amount of the second carbon material particles is smaller than the content amount of the first carbon material particles.

A capacitor module includes at least one capacitor element (101) and a cooling structure (103) for cooling the capacitor element. The electrical terminals (102a, 102b) of the capacitor element are mechanically connected to the cooling structure to be in heat-conductive relations with the cooling structure so that at least one of the electrical terminals of the capacitor element is mechanically connected to the cooling structure via a flexible connection element (104a, 104b) made of electrically conductive material. The flexible connection element allows the corresponding electrical terminal to move with respect to the cooling structure when the distance (D) between the electrical terminals is changing because of changes in load and/or temperature, and/or because of ageing.

A photovoltaic device includes one or more features that taken alone or in combination enhance its efficiency. Some embodiments may comprise a tandem solar device in which a top PV cell is fabricated upon a front transparent substrate, that also serves as the top encapsulating substance. The top PV cell including the front encapsulating substance is then bonded (e.g., using adhesive) to a bottom PV cell in order to complete the tandem device. Using the same transparent, insulating element as both front encapsulating substance and a substrate for fabricating the top PV cell, obviates to the need to provide a separate structure (with resulting interfaces) to perform the latter role. For tandem and non-tandem PV devices, a Through-Substrate-Via (TSV) structure may extend through an insulating substrate in order to provide contact with an opposite side (e.g., back electrode). Embodiments may find particular use in fabricating shingled perovskite photovoltaic solar cells.

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a material of at least one of a perovskite structure, a perovskite-like structure, and/or a perovskitoid structure, where the material includes an isotope of an element, the isotope has more neutrons than protons, and the isotope is incorporated into the perovskite structure, the perovskite-like structure, and/or the perovskitoid structure. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the isotope may make up between greater than 0% and 100% of the element.

The present invention relates to a dye-sensitized solar cell including a working electrode (1), a first conducting layer (3) for extracting photo-generated electrons from the working electrode, a porous insulation substrate (4) made of a microfibers, wherein the first conducting layer is a porous conducting layer formed on one side of the porous insulation substrate, a counter electrode including a second conducting layer (2) arranged on the opposite side of the porous substrate, and electrolyte for transferring electrons from the counter electrode to the working electrode. The porous insulation substrate comprises a layer (5) of woven microfibers and a layer (6) of non-woven microfibers disposed on the layer of woven microfibers. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a dye-sensitized solar cell.

A capacitor that comprises a capacitor element that includes an anode that contains a dielectric formed on a sintered porous body, a solid electrolyte overlying the anode, and a cathode coating is provided. The cathode coating includes a noble metal layer (e.g., gold) overlying the solid electrolyte and a layer overlying the noble metal layer that includes sintered metal particles (e.g., silver particles).