An electrolytic capacitor includes wound body, a solid electrolyte layer, and resin layer. Wound body is formed by winding a positive electrode member having a surface with a dielectric film thereon and a negative electrode member. The solid electrolyte layer is formed by impregnating wound body with a dispersion of a conductive polymer or a solution of a conductive polymer, and then drying the dispersion or the solution with which wound body is impregnated. Resin layer covers at least a part of an outer peripheral surface of wound body.

Embodiments of the present disclosure include an apparatus for enclosing energy storage devices. An apparatus according to the present disclosure can include: an elongated sleeve having a contoured interior configured to enclose each of a plurality of energy storage devices, wherein the elongated sleeve is composed at least partially of a thermally conductive material; and at least one slot disposed on an exterior surface of the elongated sleeve, wherein the at least one slot is configured to receive for mechanically coupling a mounting rail to the elongated sleeve.

Na-rich electrolyte compositions provided herein can be used in a variety of devices, such as sodium ionic batteries, capacitors and other electrochemical devices. Na-rich electrolyte compositions provided herein can have a chemical formula of Na.sub.3OX, Na.sub.3SX, Na .sub.(3-δ) M.sub.δ/2OX and Na .sub.(3-δ) M.sub.δ/2SX wherein 0<δ<0.8, wherein X is a monovalent anion selected from fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, H.sup.−, CN.sup.−, BF.sub.4.sup.−, BH.sub.4.sup.−, ClO.sub.4.sup.−, CH.sub.3.sup.−, NO.sub.2.sup.−, NH.sub.2.sup.− and mixtures thereof, and wherein M is a divalent metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium and mixtures thereof. Na-rich electrolyte compositions provided herein can have a chemical formula of Na .sub.(3-δ) M.sub.δ/3OX and/or Na .sub.(3-δ) M.sub.δ/3SX; wherein 0<δ<0.5, wherein M is a trivalent cation M.sup.3, and wherein X is selected from fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, H.sup.−, CN.sup.−, BF.sub.4.sup.−, BH.sub.4.sup.−, ClO.sub.4.sup.−, CH.sub.3.sup.−, NO.sub.2.sup.−, NH.sup.2− and mixtures thereof. Synthesis and processing methods of NaRAP compositions for battery, capacitor, and other electrochemical applications are also provided.

The present invention is a photovoltaic-thermoelectric solar cell and a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic-thermoelectric solar cell. The solar cell includes a substantially transparent electrode, an organometallic photovoltaic material disposed on the transparent electrode, and a cathode disposed on the organometallic photovoltaic material. The organometallic photovoltaic material may be a porphyrin nanomaterial.

A method for producing an electrolytic capacitor is performed in the following procedure. A solid electrolyte layer including a conductive polymer and a polyhydric alcohol is formed on an anode body on which a dielectric layer is formed. Then, the anode body on which the solid electrolyte layer is formed is impregnated with a first treatment liquid that contains an oxoacid having two or more hydroxy groups.

A solid electrolytic capacitor is described which comprises an anode, a dielectric on the anode and a cathode on the dielectric. A conductive coating is on the cathode wherein the conductive layer comprises an exterior surface of a first high melting point metal. An adjacent layer is provided comprising a second high melting point metal, wherein the first high melting point metal and the second high melting point metal are metallurgically bonded with a low melting point metal.

The present invention relates to a method for forming a capacitor having carbon or metal electrodes and an electrolyte which is also a source of electropolymerisable anions. Applying a sufficiently positive voltage, a thin dielectric layer forms at the positive electrode, enabling the use of cell voltages higher than 3.5 V. The construction and characteristics of capacitors with 5, 6.3, and 10 V of cell voltages, having reduced graphene oxide electrodes and an ionic liquid electrolyte, are shown. Further, a method of forming a capacitor, including the steps of: (a) providing a first electrode; (b) providing a first electrolyte including an anionic compound, wherein said compound includes at least one cyano group or at least one nitrile group; (c) electropolymerising said anionic compound in order to form a dielectric layer on at least part of the first electrode; (d) forming a capacitor including the electrode of step (c), a second electrode and a second electrolyte, which is the same or different to the first electrolyte, is claimed. In a further aspect of the invention, there is provided an electronic device including a capacitor, a transistor or an electrode produced by means of a method as defined above. It is believed that a number of dielectric compounds produced by the method as defined above are new compounds not previously isolated. Accordingly, polytetracyanoborate, polycyani, or polytricyanomethanide.

An energy storage apparatus includes: a plurality of energy storage devices; a spacer unit having one or more spacers disposed between the energy storage devices or on sides of the energy storage devices; and a plurality of members disposed above the energy storage devices and the spacer unit (a bus bar frame, a heat shielding plate, a holder), wherein the spacer unit has a plurality of locking portions, the locking portions being configured to lock the members, respectively.

A solid electrolytic capacitor that includes an element laminate having a first end face and a second end face, a first external electrode on the first end face, and a second external electrode on the second end face. In the element laminate, a first layer and a second layer are stacked. The first layer has a valve-action metal substrate, a dielectric layer on a surface thereof, and a solid electrolyte layer on the dielectric layer. The second layer contains a metal foil. The first layer and the second layer are bonded by an adhesive layer containing a conductive adhesive layer and an insulating adhesive layer that surrounds an outer perimeter of the conductive adhesive layer. The adhesive layer includes a notched part that extends from the first end face or the second end face to the conductive adhesive layer.

An electrochemical cell includes solid-state, printable anode layer, cathode layer and non-aqueous gel electrolyte layer coupled to the anode layer and cathode layer. The electrolyte layer provides physical separation between the anode layer and the cathode layer, and comprises a composition configured to provide ionic communication between the anode layer and cathode layer by facilitating transmission of multivalent ions between the anode layer and the cathode layer.