This application provides a negative electrode active material and a preparation method thereof. The negative electrode active material may be self-embedded graphite composed of graphite A and graphite B, where the surface of the graphite A may have a tenon structure, the surface of the graphite B may have a mortise structure, the tenon structure of the graphite A and the mortise structure of the graphite B may be mutually embedded, and a hydrogen bond may be formed between the tenon structure of the graphite A and the mortise structure of the graphite B.

A non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery capable of improving rate characteristics, and the lithium ion secondary battery using the same. The non-aqueous electrolyte for the lithium ion secondary battery includes a carboxylic acid ester and 2.0×10.sup.−6 to 3.0×10.sup.−3 mol/L of halide ion other than fluoride ion.

A negative electrode active material for an electrochemical device which has improved quick charging characteristics. The negative electrode active material includes two types of graphite particles having a different particle diameter and shows a bimodal distribution, wherein the ratio of the average particle diameter (D.sub.50) of the first graphite particles to the average particle diameter (D.sub.50) of the second graphite particles is larger than 1.7.

A composition comprising: ##STR00001##
wherein the compositional ratio of x/y ranges from about 1/99 to about 99/1, and n ranges from 1 to 1,000,000. Additionally, in this composition, R′ and R″ are independently selected from: H, unsubstituted or substituted branched alkyls with 1 to 60 carbon atoms, or unsubstituted or substituted linear alkyls with 1 to 60 carbon atoms.

A battery electrode material includes a composition of (A) a charge-conducting radical polymer, (B) poly[poly(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate] (PPEGMA); and (A) a lithium salt, the composition being a mixed ionic and electronic conductor with ionic conductivity at room temperature of at least about 10.sup.−4 S/cm and electronic conductivity of at least about 10.sup.−3 S/cm.

Disclosed is a catalyst complex for a fuel cell. The catalyst complex includes a support including carbon (C), platinum (Pt) supported on the support, and an iridium (Ir) compound supported on the support, and the iridium compound includes at least one of iridium oxide represented by Chemical Formula 1, IrO.sub.x, and iridium-transition-metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 2, IrMO.sub.x, wherein M is a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Cu, Ni and combinations thereof, and x is from 1 to 2.

The present disclosure provides an electrolyte system for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions. The electrolyte system may include an aliphatic fluorinated disulfonimide lithium salt in a mixture of organic solvents. The mixture of organic solvents may include a first solvent and a second solvent. The first solvent may include an ether solvent, a carbonate solvent, or a mixture of ether and carbonate solvents. The second solvent may include a fluorinated ether. A molar ratio of the aliphatic fluorinated disulfonimide lithium salt to the first solvent may be greater than or equal to about 1:1.2 to less than or equal to about 1:2. A molar ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent may be greater than or equal to about 1:1 to less than or equal to about 1:4.

The present invention provides an electric energy storage device, in particular a battery, at least comprising: —an anode comprising an alkali metal selected from lithium and sodium or a combination thereof; —a cathode comprising a sulphur-containing organosilane compound or a mixture of sulphur-containing organosilane compounds; and—an electrolyte placed between the anode and the cathode; wherein the cathode comprises a current collector surface that has been at least partly modified by grafting the sulphur-containing organosilane compound or a mixture of sulphur-containing organosilane compounds thereon.

Disclosed is a lithium complex oxide sintered plate including a plurality of primary grains having a layered rock-salt structure, the primary grains being bonded. The lithium complex oxide has a composition represented by the formula: Li.sub.x(Co.sub.1-yM.sub.y)O.sub.2±δ (wherein, 1.0≤x≤1.1, 0<y≤0.1, 0≤δ<1, and M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ni, Al, and Mn), and the primary grains have a mean tilt angle of more than 0° to 30° or less, the mean tilt angle being a mean value of the angles defined by the (003) planes of the primary grains and the plate face of the lithium complex oxide sintered plate.

The present invention has for its object to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte for lithium air batteries capable of simultaneously holding back positive electrode overvoltage, reactions of the negative electrode with the electrolyte and dendrite growth during charging thereby making an improvement in the output performance, and a lithium air battery using the same. The invention provides a non-aqueous electrolyte for lithium air batteries, containing an organic solvent and a lithium salt. The lithium salt contains at least LiX (where X stands for Br and/or I) and lithium nitrate. The molar concentration (mol/L) of LiX in the non-aqueous electrolyte satisfies a range of no less than 0.005 to no greater than 2.0, and the molar concentration (mol/L) of the lithium nitrate in the non-aqueous electrolyte satisfies a range of greater than 0.1 to no greater than 2.0.