A negative electrode for a lithium metal battery, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium battery including the same. An adhesive layer including a binder and a conductive material between the negative current collector and the negative active material improves conductivity while also improving adherence between a negative current collector and a negative active material of the lithium battery.

A laminated body pressing apparatus, which can restrain damage of a first outer ridge portion or a second outer ridge portion of a positive electrode plate during roller-pressing and can restrain damage of a strip-shaped first separator of a strip-shaped negative electrode body on a positive electrode plate side, includes a first press roller, a second press roller disposed parallel to the first press roller and spaced apart from the first press roller by a roller gap, and a metal plate feeding unit to feed a strip-shaped metal plate extending in a conveyance direction to the roller gap. The apparatus roller-presses the positive electrode plate and the strip-shaped negative electrode body by the first press roller and the second press roller in a state where the strip-shaped metal plate fed by the metal plate feeding unit is placed on the positive electrode plate placed on the strip-shaped negative electrode body.

The present invention provides a novel positive electrode active material for a sodium-ion secondary battery having a high voltage and a high capacity. The positive electrode active material for a sodium-ion secondary battery contains, in terms of % by mole of oxide, 8 to 55% Na.sub.2O, 10 to 70% CoO, 0 to 60% CrO+FeO+MnO+NiO, and 15 to 70% P.sub.2O.sub.5+SiO.sub.2+B.sub.2O.sub.3 and also contains an amorphous phase.

An energy storage device includes a negative electrode having a negative active material layer containing amorphous carbon as an active material, a curve attained by determining a rate of change (dQ/dV) in a potential (V) of the amorphous carbon in a discharge capacity (Q) of the amorphous carbon per unit quantity based on a result attained by measuring the potential (V) with respect to the discharge capacity (Q) and representing the rate of change (dQ/dV) with respect to the potential (V) has one or more peaks in a range in which the potential of the amorphous carbon is 0.8 V or more and 1.5 V or less, and a potential of the negative electrode at time of full charge is 0.25 V or more with respect to a lithium potential.

A polymer and a light-emitting device employing the same are provided. The polymer includes a first repeat unit with a structure represented by Formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein the definitions of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, and Z.sup.1 and n are as defined in the specification. At least one of A.sup.1, A.sup.2, and A.sup.3 is not hydrogen.

A positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material layer including a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder, wherein the positive electrode active material contains any one among Li(Nix1Mny1Coz1)O2 (0.55<x1<0.69, 0.15<y1<0.29, 0.15<z1<0.29, x1+y1+z1=1) and Li(Nix2Mny2Coz2)O2 (0.75<x2<0.89, 0.05<y2<0.19, 0.05<z2<0.19, x2+y2+z2=1) and the conductive material contains a carbon nanotube, and when the positive electrode active material is Li(Nix2Mny2Coz2)O2, the positive electrode active material layer satisfies Relation 1 and when the positive electrode active material is Li(Nix2Mny2Coz2)O2, the positive electrode active material layer satisfies Relation 2:
0.0020×a<b<0.0050×a  [Relation 1]
0.0015×a<b<0.0044×a  [Relation 2] wherein a is a loading amount (mg/25 cm.sup.2) of the positive electrode and b is a total content (wt %) of the remaining components excluding the positive active material in the positive electrode material.

A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the separator includes an inorganic filler layer which includes a first filler layer containing phosphate salt particles and a second filler layer disposed on the first filler layer and containing inorganic particles more heat resistant than the phosphate salt particles, and the BET specific surface area of the phosphate salt particles is in the range of not less than 5 m.sup.2/g and not more than 100 m.sup.2/g.

Rechargeable lithium battery includes a negative electrode including a negative active material layer and a negative electrode functional layer disposed on the negative active material layer; a positive electrode including a positive active material; an electrolyte solution, wherein the negative electrode functional layer includes flake-shaped polyethylene particles, the electrolyte solution includes a lithium salt and a non-aqueous organic solvent, and the non-aqueous organic solvent includes about 60 volume % to about 80 volume % of a propionate-based solvent and about 20 volume % to about 40 volume % of a carbonate-based solvent.

An aspect of the present invention is an energy storage device including: an electrode assembly obtained by winding a band-shaped positive electrode including a positive active material layer, a band-shaped negative electrode including a negative active material layer, and a band-shaped separator in the longitudinal direction; an electrolyte solution; and a case that houses the electrode assembly and the electrolyte solution, where at least one of the positive active material layer and the negative active material layer contains a hollow active material particle, the winding axis of the electrode assembly is located parallel to the horizontal direction, at least a central part of the electrode assembly is pressed with the case pressed, an excess electrolyte solution that is a part of the electrolyte solution is present between the electrode assembly and the case, the lower end of the electrode assembly has contact with the excess electrolyte solution, and the relationship between the height H from the liquid level of the excess electrolyte solution to the upper end of the electrode assembly and the width We of the positive active material layer satisfies the following formula 1:

0.8H≤Wc≤2.0H  1

An embodiment of the present invention provides a copper foil which comprises a copper layer and an anticorrosive film placed on the copper layer, and has a Young's modulus of 3800 to 4600 kgf/mm.sup.2 and a modulus bias factor (MBF) less than 0.12, wherein the modulus bias factor (MBF) is obtained by formula 1 below.
MBF=(maximum Young's modulus−minimum Young's modulus)/(average Young's modulus)  [Formula 1]