The present invention provides, in a first aspect, an electrical generation system which includes an electrolyzer and a fuel cell system. The electrolyzer is coupled to a source of water and a power source. The electrolyzer is configured to generate oxygen and hydrogen utilizing water from the water source and electrical power from the power source. The fuel cell system is coupled to the electrolyzer to receive a flow of the hydrogen from the electrolyzer at an anode thereof. The fuel cell system includes a cathode having a cathode chamber coupled to a source of ambient air. The cathode chamber is coupled to the electrolyzer to selectively allow a flow of the oxygen from the electrolyzer to the cathode chamber and to selectively allow a flow of air from the source of ambient air to the cathode chamber. The fuel cell system is configured to generate electricity in a fuel cell reaction utilizing the hydrogen and the oxygen.

A braking control unit of a fuel cell vehicle is configured to, in a period during which the fuel cell vehicle is being braked in response to a braking request, (i) when an estimated amount of stagnant water is less than a predetermined second water amount less than a first water amount, limit an upper limit electric power of a regenerated electric power resulting from regenerative operation to a predetermined first value or below, and (ii) when the estimated amount of stagnant water is greater than or equal to the second water amount, execute an upper limit changing process of setting an upper limit electric power to a second value lower by a predetermined value than the first value.

An apparatus for managing power of a fuel cell is provided. The apparatus includes a power conversion device that converts a high voltage into a low voltage and supplies the converted low voltage to a low voltage battery, a cooling device that flows coolant to cool the power conversion device, and a controller that controls driving of the power conversion device and the cooling device based on the remaining state of charge (SOC) of the low voltage battery.

A hydrogen storage assembly includes an enclosure substantially encompassing an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage system, a hydrogen fuel cell, an electrochemical energy storage module, a power conversion system, and a control system. The electrolyzer is configured to separate, via electrolysis, water into hydrogen gas that is stored in the hydrogen storage system; the hydrogen fuel cell is configured to convert the stored hydrogen gas into electrical energy and water. The electrochemical energy storage module is configured to function as an energy buffer; the power conversion system is configured to convert the produced electrical energy to a desired form. The control system is configured to to control the storage and distribution of the stored hydrogen and electrical energy in an optimized manner to achieve predefined financial and energy-use objectives.

The battery pack may include a battery pack case and battery cells accommodated in the battery pack case. In each of the first battery cell, the second battery cells, and the third battery cells, when the sum of a discharge capacity corresponding to the first discharge voltage plateau and a discharge capacity corresponding to the second discharge voltage plateau is 100%, a percentage of the discharge capacity corresponding to the second discharge voltage plateau of the third battery cells may be larger than a percentage of the discharge capacity corresponding to the second discharge voltage plateau of the second battery cells, which may be larger than a percentage of the discharge capacity corresponding to the second discharge voltage plateau of the first battery cell.

When providing alternating current (AC) power to operate AC powered devices such as power tools (such as drills, table saws, miter saws), equipment (such as lawn mowers), and consumer products (such as refrigerators, television, lights) without being tied to a fixed utility power supply typically requires a generator (such as an internal combustion engine based generator) or a battery powered inverter. In order to meet power and runtime needs for these devices, a battery powered inverter must be relatively large and expensive. This simple fact prohibits their use in many environments.

A DC voltage distribution arrangement and method of controlling a DC voltage distribution system, the DC voltage distribution system including a DC voltage bus, a fuel cell electrically connected to the DC voltage bus, an energy storage and an energy storage converter, wherein the input of the energy storage converter is connected to the energy storage and the output of the energy storage converter is connected to the DC bus. The method comprises providing a DC voltage reference for the energy storage converter, the energy storage converter controlling the voltage of the DC voltage bus by providing power from the energy storage or to the energy storage, detecting power flow of the energy storage converter, and changing the DC voltage reference on the basis of the detected power flow to change the power taken from the fuel cell.

An electrical system, and, more particularly, to an electrical system for an aircraft comprising one or more energy sinks and a hybrid energy storage system. The hybrid energy storage system may comprise one or more primary energy sources, a secondary energy source, and a secondary energy source control unit. The one or more primary energy sources may be coupled to and supply power to the one or more energy sinks. The secondary energy source may be coupled to the one or more primary energy sources and adapted to supply power at a variable output voltage to the one or more primary energy sources.

A controller for a fuel cell based power generator includes a memory and a processor configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory to receive a pressure in an anode loop of the fuel cell based power generator, wherein the anode loop includes a hydrogen generator and an anode loop blower, and control the anode loop blower such that the hydrogen generator provides hydrogen to an anode of a fuel cell via the blower and the anode loop at a controlled pressure. In further embodiments, the temperatures of the fuel cell and hydrogen generator are independently controlled.

A power supply system includes a power storage device, a positive electrode-side relay, a negative electrode-side relay, a power control unit that includes a capacitor configured to be pre-charged in response to a system start request and that is connected with the power storage device via the positive electrode-side relay and the negative electrode-side relay, and a control device programmed to close the positive electrode-side relay and the negative electrode-side relay at different timings always or under a predetermined condition in response to the system start request and programmed to change a sequence of closing the positive electrode-side relay and the negative electrode-side relay in accordance with a predetermined restriction. This configuration effectively extends the lives of the positive electrode-side relay and the negative electrode-side relay.