A non-reciprocal device using a space-time modulation scheme. By applying the space-time modulation scheme, reciprocity in radiation and scattering scenarios is prevented. Such a scheme utilizes a linear system with simple, compact and inexpensive electronic components compared to the current use of bulky duplexers and non-reciprocal magnet based phase shifters to provide non-reciprocity. One such linear system involves traveling-wave antennas loaded with voltage dependent capacitors that are modulated in space and time thereby allowing the antenna to transmit with high directivity in a certain direction and not receive from that direction. Another linear system involves a resonant metasurface characterized by transverse spatiotemporal gradients, where the spatiotemporal gradients include periodically modulated impedances thereby causing a non-reciprocal transmission response. In this manner, a signal that propagates and impinges on the surface at a given direction will be fully transmitted while a signal propagating from the complementary direction will be fully reflected.

An electromagnetic coupler that couples antenna signals for a wideband antenna positioned between glass layers of an automotive windshield. The coupler includes a first co-planar waveguide (CPW) formed on one side of a glass layer and a second CPW formed on the other side of the glass layer, where the first and second CPWs are a mirror, or near-mirror, and 180° rotated images of each other. Both the first and second CPWs include a conductive plane where removed portions of the plane define a wide CPW section and a narrow CPW section that are electrically coupled to each other, and where the remaining portions of the conductive plane are ground planes, and where the electromagnetic signals are coupled through the glass layer between the wide CPW sections.

A radar module for process automation including process measurement technology and the automation industry is provided, the radar module including: a radar signal source configured to generate and to transmit, and/or to receive, a radar signal; and a dielectric radar signal guide configured to receive the radar signal and then to transmit the radar signal to an antenna, a waveguide, and/or a dielectric lens, the dielectric radar signal guide being arranged at a predetermined distance from the radar signal source, forming an intermediate space, and an end face of the dielectric radar signal guide facing the radar signal source at least partially has a metallic layer.

A radar module for process automation including process measurement technology and the automation industry is provided, the radar module including: a radar signal source configured to generate and to transmit, and/or to receive, a radar signal; and a dielectric radar signal guide configured to receive the radar signal and then to transmit the radar signal to an antenna, a waveguide, and/or a dielectric lens, the dielectric radar signal guide being arranged at a predetermined distance from the radar signal source, forming an intermediate space, and an end face of the dielectric radar signal guide facing the radar signal source at least partially has a metallic layer.

A passive radiofrequency microelectronic components for an integrated circuit which includes a dielectric substrate and at least one metal conductive layer positioned on said substrate. The conductive layer including at least one first metal conductive portion and a second metal conductive portion separated by an insulation. A microelectronic component according to the invention includes at least one graphene layer positioned so that a radiofrequency or hyperfrequency signal crosses said at least one graphene layer when it is transmitted between said first metal conductive portion and said second metal conductive portion, said graphene layer being able, when it is subject to an electric potential, to transmit said radiofrequency or hyperfrequency signal along a first direction and to attenuate said radiofrequency or hyperfrequency signal along a second direction opposite to said first direction.

A transmission line RF applicator apparatus and method for coupling RF power to a plasma in a plasma chamber. The apparatus comprises two conductors, one of which has a plurality of apertures. In one aspect, apertures in different portions of the conductor have different sizes, spacing or orientations. In another aspect, adjacent apertures at successive longitudinal positions are offset along the transverse dimension. In another aspect, the apparatus comprises an inner conductor and one or two outer conductors. The main portion of each of the one or two outer conductors includes a plurality of apertures that extend between an inner surface and an outer surface of the outer conductor.

A transmission line RF applicator apparatus and method for coupling RF power to a plasma in a plasma chamber. The apparatus comprises two conductors, one of which has a plurality of apertures. In one aspect, apertures in different portions of the conductor have different sizes, spacing or orientations. In another aspect, adjacent apertures at successive longitudinal positions are offset along the transverse dimension. In another aspect, the apparatus comprises an inner conductor and one or two outer conductors. The main portion of each of the one or two outer conductors includes a plurality of apertures that extend between an inner surface and an outer surface of the outer conductor.

A signal transmission line includes a laminate, a signal conductor, a hollow portion, and a reinforcing conductor. The laminate includes a flexible laminate including resin layers each of which has flexibility. The signal conductor extends in a signal transmission direction of the laminate and is disposed in an intermediate position in a laminating direction of the resin layers. The hollow portion is in the laminate and defined by an opening provided at a portion of the plurality of resin layers. The reinforcing conductor is in the laminate. The hollow portion is disposed at a position overlapping with the signal conductor, in a plan view of the laminate from a surface perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the laminating direction. The reinforcing conductor is disposed at a position different from the position of the hollow portion in a plan view.

A mode converter includes a substrate including a first main surface and a second main surface, a first ground conductor layer formed on the first main surface, a second ground conductor layer formed on the second main surface, a plane circuit that is formed on the first main surface and propagates a high frequency, a pin that is connected to the plane circuit, is formed inside a through-hole which penetrate from the first main surface to the second main surface, and communicates with the first main face and the second main surface, and an anti-pad that is formed between an end portion of the pin exposed in the second main surface and the second ground conductor layer.

A housing for a switch network is provided, comprising a plurality of switch blocks, each of the switch blocks being adapted to receive a radio frequency switch, and one or more interlink waveguides. At least one of the waveguides is arranged to connect a respective two or more of the switch blocks to each other and arranged externally with respect to the two switch blocks. At least one of the one or more waveguides is integrally formed with at least one of the switch blocks. A method of manufacturing the housing is also provided.