Described embodiments include a system, method, and apparatus. The system includes an antenna comprising a sub-Nyquist holographic aperture configured to define selectable arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on a surface of the antenna. A mapping engine models an environment within a space radiateable by the antenna. The environment includes a target device and a human being. An optimization circuit selects responsive to the model of the environment a power transmission regime. The power transmission regime includes radiation pattern shaped to wirelessly transfer electromagnetic power from the antenna to the target device without exceeding a radiation exposure limit for humans. A gain definition circuit selects a complex radiofrequency electromagnetic field implementing the selected power transmission regime from the at least two selectable arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. An antenna controller defines the selected arbitrary complex radiofrequency electromagnetic field in the sub-Nyquist holographic aperture.

A control system connected to a plurality of array antenna performs beamforming. The control system comprises a beam radiation controller for requesting a predetermined first antenna group to radiate beams and requesting a second antenna group including the first antenna group to radiate beams to an optimized sector, a beam receiver for receiving response beams from the first antenna group and the second antenna group, and a sector selector for setting up an optimized sector based on the received beams for the first antenna group, and transmitting information on the optimized sector to the beam radiation controller in order to control the second antenna group to radiate beams to the optimized sector.

A control system connected to a plurality of array antenna performs beamforming. The control system comprises a beam radiation controller for requesting a predetermined first antenna group to radiate beams and requesting a second antenna group including the first antenna group to radiate beams to an optimized sector, a beam receiver for receiving response beams from the first antenna group and the second antenna group, and a sector selector for setting up an optimized sector based on the received beams for the first antenna group, and transmitting information on the optimized sector to the beam radiation controller in order to control the second antenna group to radiate beams to the optimized sector.

A system and method for assembling an antenna comprising an aperture plate having a plurality of aperture elements therethrough is disclosed. The method comprises forming a matrix of the at least a subset of the dielectric loads, each dielectric load having a longitudinal axis, the matrix of the at least a subset of the dielectric loads joined together by planar sacrificial interconnecting material perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of each dielectric load of the subset of dielectric loads, inserting the matrix of the at least a subset of the dielectric loads in at least a subset of the plurality of aperture elements, and removing planar sacrificial interconnecting material. Another embodiment is evidenced by an antenna produced by the foregoing steps. Multiple embodiments are disclosed.

Some demonstrative embodiments include apparatuses, devices, systems and methods of beamforming training. For example, an apparatus may include a transmitter, a receiver, and a controller to repeat a beamforming training sequence including a transmit (Tx) mode and a receive (Rx) mode, at the Tx mode the transmitter is to transmit a directional Tx training signal to a wireless communication device, and at the Rx mode the receiver is to be at an omnidirectional Rx state, wherein subsequent to successful receipt of a directional Rx training signal from the wireless communication device at the receiver, the transmitter is to transmit the directional Tx training signal including an Rx beam indication to indicate a beam direction of the Rx training signal.

Some demonstrative embodiments include apparatuses, devices, systems and methods of beamforming training. For example, an apparatus may include a transmitter, a receiver, and a controller to repeat a beamforming training sequence including a transmit (Tx) mode and a receive (Rx) mode, at the Tx mode the transmitter is to transmit a directional Tx training signal to a wireless communication device, and at the Rx mode the receiver is to be at an omnidirectional Rx state, wherein subsequent to successful receipt of a directional Rx training signal from the wireless communication device at the receiver, the transmitter is to transmit the directional Tx training signal including an Rx beam indication to indicate a beam direction of the Rx training signal.

Systems, apparatus, and methods are provided for retrieving data from remotely deployed sensor systems. Flight control systems are also provided for maintaining the orientation of a high gain antenna affixed to an aircraft relative to a stationary or nearly stationary transceiver.

The present invention is an apparatus for shifting the phase of an radiofrequency signal. The device has an input line and an output line. An input switch is connected to the input line. The input switch is has several input throws. An output switch is connected to the output line. The output switch has several output throws which correspond to the input throws. The apparatus also has several phase shift lines. Each phase shift line has a true path length that is different from the true path lengths of the other phase shift lines.

A method and apparatus for managing an antenna. A current radiation pattern is identified for the antenna using initial coefficients for a modulation function for the antenna. A first constraint is applied to the current radiation pattern to form a modified radiation pattern. New coefficients for the modulation function are identified as coefficients for which a difference between a radiation pattern for the antenna generated using the coefficients and the modified radiation pattern is reduced. A second constraint is applied to a set of coefficients in the new coefficients to form modified coefficients for the modulation function. The steps of applying the first constraint, identifying the new coefficients for the modulation function, and applying the second constraint are iterated until a new radiation pattern based on the modified coefficients for the modulation function meets the first constraint.

Described embodiments provide techniques for controlling a phased array system by a control system including one or more distributed control stations. At least one of the control stations displays a control interface having a status window, a beam window, and a scan window. The control system instructs the phased array system to operate in an operating mode selected from among selectable operating modes displayed in the status window. In the beam window, at least one beam is selected from among selectable beams available to track a target. The control system instructs the phased array system to form the selected beam and assigns the formed beam to (i) track a target detected by the phased array system, or (ii) monitor a selected location. The scan window displays (i) targets tracked by the phased array system, and (ii) beams generated by the phased array system.