An apparatus, including a waveguide, a first circuit, a second circuit. The waveguide is connected to the first circuit and the second circuit. The first circuit is located within a cryostat.

Disclosed is an antenna device for measuring biometric information by using dark mode excitation. The antenna device according to an embodiment may include a conducting wire forming a loop. A current may be induced into the loop through an interaction with a magnetic field generated by an antenna connected to a power source. Information on an analyte may be sensed using a magnetic field formed based on the current induced into the loop.

Disclosed is an antenna device for measuring biometric information by using dark mode excitation. The antenna device according to an embodiment may include a conducting wire forming a loop. A current may be induced into the loop through an interaction with a magnetic field generated by an antenna connected to a power source. Information on an analyte may be sensed using a magnetic field formed based on the current induced into the loop.

An RFID tag substrate includes an insulating substrate that has a mounting region in which a semiconductor device is disposed, the mounting region being included in a first surface of the insulating substrate, and a coil that is positioned at an outer edge portion of the insulating substrate. The coil includes a plurality of first coil conductors and a plurality of second coil conductors that are wound such that the first coil conductors and the second coil conductors each have the same number of turns and such that a direction in which the first coil conductors are wound and a direction in which the second coil conductors are wound are opposite to each other. The first coil conductors and the second coil conductors are alternately arranged in a thickness direction of the insulating substrate and connected in series to one another.

An RFID tag substrate includes an insulating substrate that has a mounting region in which a semiconductor device is disposed, the mounting region being included in a first surface of the insulating substrate, and a coil that is positioned at an outer edge portion of the insulating substrate. The coil includes a plurality of first coil conductors and a plurality of second coil conductors that are wound such that the first coil conductors and the second coil conductors each have the same number of turns and such that a direction in which the first coil conductors are wound and a direction in which the second coil conductors are wound are opposite to each other. The first coil conductors and the second coil conductors are alternately arranged in a thickness direction of the insulating substrate and connected in series to one another.

A radio frequency identification (RFID) tag. In one embodiment, an RFID tag includes an integrated circuit die. The integrated circuit die includes circuitry configured to store information and transmit the stored information responsive to reception of a radio frequency (RF) signal. The integrated circuit die also includes an antenna coupled to the circuitry. The antenna is formed as a loop antenna array configured to transmit and receive RFID signals. Further, the RFID tag includes a first test pad and second test pad formed on the integrated circuit die with the first test pad coupled to a first end of the antenna by a first interconnect and a second test pad coupled to the second end of the antenna by a second interconnect.

A radio frequency identification (RFID) tag. In one embodiment, an RFID tag includes an integrated circuit die. The integrated circuit die includes circuitry configured to store information and transmit the stored information responsive to reception of a radio frequency (RF) signal. The integrated circuit die also includes an antenna coupled to the circuitry. The antenna is formed as a loop antenna array configured to transmit and receive RFID signals. Further, the RFID tag includes a first test pad and second test pad formed on the integrated circuit die with the first test pad coupled to a first end of the antenna by a first interconnect and a second test pad coupled to the second end of the antenna by a second interconnect.

An antenna unit includes a plate-shaped dielectric substrate, as well as an antenna element and a stub element. The dielectric substrate has a first edge extending along a longitudinal direction of the dielectric substrate and a second edge extending along the longitudinal direction of the dielectric substrate, and the second edge is opposite to the first edge. The antenna element is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the dielectric substrate. The Antenna element has a first end containing a feedpoint and a second end containing an open end. The stub element is disposed between a section of the antenna element having a predetermined length containing the first end of the antenna element and the first edge of the dielectric substrate along the longitudinal direction of the dielectric substrate. The stub element has a first end connected to a reference potential and a second end containing an open end.

An antenna unit includes a plate-shaped dielectric substrate, as well as an antenna element and a stub element. The dielectric substrate has a first edge extending along a longitudinal direction of the dielectric substrate and a second edge extending along the longitudinal direction of the dielectric substrate, and the second edge is opposite to the first edge. The antenna element is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the dielectric substrate. The Antenna element has a first end containing a feedpoint and a second end containing an open end. The stub element is disposed between a section of the antenna element having a predetermined length containing the first end of the antenna element and the first edge of the dielectric substrate along the longitudinal direction of the dielectric substrate. The stub element has a first end connected to a reference potential and a second end containing an open end.

A radio frequency identification (RFID) antenna is disclosed. The RFID antenna may include: a substrate; a radiator disposed on the substrate, the radiator comprising a first electrical conductor and a second electrical conductor that perpendicularly intersect a straight edge of the radiator, the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor being symmetrical to each other with respect to a central point of the radiator; a loop disposed on the substrate; and a stub disposed on the substrate between the loop and the central point of the radiator.