A microelectronic package includes a waveguide radiation receiver formed in a first conductor layer of a multilayer package substrate, the multilayer package substrate comprising the first conductor layer spaced from a second conductor layer by a dielectric layer. The microelectronic package further includes a tubular waveguide mounted to the multilayer package substrate such that a central aperture of the tubular waveguide is over the waveguide radiation receiver, and a feed line coupling the waveguide radiation receiver to a transmitter-receiver, the feed line including a conductive via traversing the dielectric layer electrically coupling a first portion of the feed line in the first conductor layer to a second portion of the feed line in the second conductor layer, the first portion adjacent the waveguide radiation receiver, and the second portion adjacent the transmitter-receiver.

A microelectronic package includes a waveguide radiation receiver formed in a first conductor layer of a multilayer package substrate, the multilayer package substrate comprising the first conductor layer spaced from a second conductor layer by a dielectric layer. The microelectronic package further includes a tubular waveguide mounted to the multilayer package substrate such that a central aperture of the tubular waveguide is over the waveguide radiation receiver, and a feed line coupling the waveguide radiation receiver to a transmitter-receiver, the feed line including a conductive via traversing the dielectric layer electrically coupling a first portion of the feed line in the first conductor layer to a second portion of the feed line in the second conductor layer, the first portion adjacent the waveguide radiation receiver, and the second portion adjacent the transmitter-receiver.

A method of making a housing includes providing a substrate having an opening, providing a plurality of metal sheets, providing a plurality of non-conductive members, and bonding the metal sheets together through the non-conductive members, forming a metal sheets member, placing the metal sheets member in the opening, bonding the metal sheets member with the substrate through the non-conductive members, and removing excess parts of the substrate to form the housing.

Disclosed is a lens antenna comprising a dielectric lens consisting of a collimating part and an extension part, and an antenna element. The extension part of the lens comprises a substantially flat surface crossed by the axis of the collimating part, and the antenna element is rigidly fixed on the surface. The antenna element is formed by a hollow waveguide and comprises a dielectric insert with one end thereof adjacent to said surface; the size of the radiating opening of the waveguide is determined by the predefined width of the main beam and by side lobe levels of the radiation pattern of the lens antenna. The technical result of the invention is an increase in realized gain value due to the use of a waveguide antenna element with a dielectric insert, which provides impedance matching in a wide frequency bandwidth. The present invention can be used in radio-relay point-to-point communication systems, e.g. for forming backhaul networks of cellular mobile communication, in car radars and other radars, in microwave RF tags, in local and personal communication systems, in satellite and intersatellite communication systems, etc.

Disclosed is a lens antenna comprising a dielectric lens consisting of a collimating part and an extension part, and an antenna element. The extension part of the lens comprises a substantially flat surface crossed by the axis of the collimating part, and the antenna element is rigidly fixed on the surface. The antenna element is formed by a hollow waveguide and comprises a dielectric insert with one end thereof adjacent to said surface; the size of the radiating opening of the waveguide is determined by the predefined width of the main beam and by side lobe levels of the radiation pattern of the lens antenna. The technical result of the invention is an increase in realized gain value due to the use of a waveguide antenna element with a dielectric insert, which provides impedance matching in a wide frequency bandwidth. The present invention can be used in radio-relay point-to-point communication systems, e.g. for forming backhaul networks of cellular mobile communication, in car radars and other radars, in microwave RF tags, in local and personal communication systems, in satellite and intersatellite communication systems, etc.

An example method may involve forming, in a first metal layer, a first half of waveguide channels including an input waveguide channel, a plurality of wave-dividing channels, and a plurality of wave-radiating channels. The input waveguide channel may include an input port for receiving electromagnetic waves into the waveguide channels, and the first half of the plurality of wave-radiating channels may include wave-directing members configured to propagate sub-portions of waves from the first metal layer to another metal layer. The method may also involve forming, in a second metal layer, a second half of the waveguide channels. The second half of the wave-radiating channels may include pairs of output ports configured to radiate the sub-portions of waves out of the second metal layer. The method may further involve fastening the first metal layer to the second metal layer so as to substantially align the halves of the waveguide channels.

There is provided an apparatus comprising a plurality of arrays; each array comprising a plurality of antenna elements, adjacent antenna elements of the array spaced at a first distance from one another and wherein the plurality of arrays are spaced from one other at a second distance, wherein the second distance is greater than the first difference.

A circularly polarized horn antenna can comprise a rectangular waveguide, a hexagonal waveguide connected to the rectangular waveguide, a first transition part connected to the hexagonal waveguide, and a horn connected to the first transition part. The horn can include a first corrugated inner surface, and the first transition part can include a second corrugated inner surface.

The present disclosure relates to an antenna system for wireless communication of data. In one implementation, the system includes at least four horn antennas. Each horn antenna may have a three-layered cavity, and each layer may be filled with dielectric. The system may further include two microstrip line networks. The microstrip networks may be between two adjacent layered portions and configured to communicate with the horn antennas.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a waveguide including a plurality of devices that facilitate generating scattered electromagnetic waves from electromagnetic waves propagating on a surface of a transmission medium. The scattered electromagnetic waves combine to generate a wireless signal having a directionality based on a separation between plurality of devices and a wavelength of the electromagnetic waves. Other embodiments are disclosed.