This application describes multi-band antenna systems and base stations. An example multi-band antenna system includes: a plurality of radiating element arrays, feeding networks separately corresponding to the plurality of radiating element arrays, at least one layer of a frequency selective surface (FSS), and a reflection panel. The plurality of radiating element arrays are located above the reflection panel. All or some of the plurality of radiating element arrays are stacked. The at least one layer of the FSS is located between the stacked radiating element arrays. A feeding network corresponding to at least one radiating element array in the stacked radiating element arrays is electrically connected to the at least one layer of the FSS, or the feeding network corresponding to the at least one radiating element array is integrated on the at least one layer of the FSS.

A filter module for multiple carrier aggregation includes a substrate, a first filter and a second filter disposed on a first side of the substrate, and a metallic ground trace substantially bisecting the surface of the substrate into first and second substrate sections, such that the first filter is disposed on the first substrate section and the second filter is disposed on the second substrate section and a method of improving cross isolation in a multiple carrier aggregation filter module including a first filter disposed on a substrate for passing a first LTE band and a second filter disposed on the substrate for passing a second LTE band having a neighboring frequency to the first LTE band, the method including bisecting the substrate with a metallic trace such that the first filter is on a different section of the substrate to the second filter.

Reflectarray antenna elements, reflectarrays, and a method of operating an antenna element are described. A reflectarray antenna element includes a patch (14) of electrically conductive material for reflecting an electromagnetic field; a dielectric substrate (12) providing an RF ground; first and second phase control lines (16, 18) of electrically conductive material arranged to interact with electromagnetic radiation with a first polarisation; a first binary switching device (24) having an ON or OFF state disposed between the patch and ground, and configured to selectively electrically couple the patch to ground via the first phase control line; a second binary switching device (26) having an ON or OFF state disposed between the patch and ground, and configured to selectively electrically couple the patch to ground via the second phase control line; a single DC bias input electrically coupled to the patch and configurable to different discrete voltage levels for selectively controlling the states of the switching devices. Selective operation of the first and second binary switching devices occurs by means of the DC bias input provides phase control of electromagnetic radiation dependent on the state of the switching devices. Described is a phase control mechanism of unit cells to enable a reconfigurable/smart reflectarray platform.

A method and apparatus for transceiving a signal in a wireless communication system is provided. A base station for transceiving a signal in a wireless communication system includes a transceiver and at least one processor. The transceiver includes an antenna unit and a metamaterial unit. The metamaterial unit includes a metamaterial lens unit and a metamaterial lens controller, and the at least one processor is configured to generate a first beam via hybrid beamforming in the antenna unit; transmit the generated first beam to the metamaterial lens unit, generate a second beam from the first beam, by adjusting the metamaterial lens unit, based on a control signal generated by the metamaterial lens controller, and transmit a downlink signal to a terminal by using the generated second beam.

A versatile metamaterial reflector is constructed of at least one pair of first and second reflectors each having a frequency-dependent phase shifting of a reflected waveform but together providing, between them, a constant phase difference. As few as two different types of reflectors (for example, a zero and relative pi radian reflector) are used to construct a variety of metamaterial reflectors.

A versatile metamaterial reflector is constructed of at least one pair of first and second reflectors each having a frequency-dependent phase shifting of a reflected waveform but together providing, between them, a constant phase difference. As few as two different types of reflectors (for example, a zero and relative pi radian reflector) are used to construct a variety of metamaterial reflectors.

An antenna array that utilizes ground guard rings and metamaterial structures is disclosed. In certain embodiments, the antenna array is constructed from a plurality of antenna unit cells, wherein each antenna unit cell is identical. The antenna unit cell comprises a top surface, that contains a patch antenna and a ground guard ring. A reactive impedance surface (RIS) layer is disposed beneath the top surface and contains the metamaterial structures. The metamaterial structures are configured to present an inductance to the patch antennas, thereby allowing the patch antennas to be smaller than would otherwise be possible. In some embodiments, the metamaterial structures comprise hollow square frames. An antenna array constructed using this antenna unit cell has less coupling than conventional antenna arrays, which results in better performance. A ground skirt surrounds the perimeter of the antenna array to improve radiation phase pattern balance within the array.

A phased array antenna system has at least one trough reflector, each trough reflector having at least one phased array located at a feed point of the reflector, and an array of elements located near to a point equal to one half of a center transmission wavelength. A method of decoding a receive signal includes propagating a transmit signal through a transmit and a receive path of a phased array to generate a coupled signal, digitizing the coupled signal, storing the digitized coupled signal, receiving a signal from a target, and using the digitized coupled signal to decode the signal from the target. A method of modeling the ionosphere includes transmitting measuring pulses from an incoherent scattering radar transmitter, receiving incoherent scatter from the transmitting, and analyzing the incoherent scatter to determine pulse and amplitude of the incoherent scatter to profile electron number density of the ionosphere.

A device attachable to a substrate for improving penetration of wireless communication signals is provided. The device is a bendable resin configured to enhance penetration of an incidental radio wave from a first region through the substrate to a second region by forming one or more communication signal beams in the second region. The bendable resin includes a base layer of a first material, and one or more patterned elements each formed by providing a meta-pattern of a second material on the base layer. The first and second materials are different and selected from the group consisting of a dielectric material and a metallic material. Each individual patterned element is configured to tilt the incidental radio wave to form the one or more communication signal beams, wherein each individual communication signal beam is beam-focused at a predetermined focal point or a predetermined focal area in the second region.

A method for providing frequency selective surface zoning includes selecting a location for positioning a frequency selective surface (FSS) panel along a support arm of a reflector antenna system, and positioning a second feed horn on the support arm on an opposite side of the FSS panel. A number of unit cells are used to populate the FSS panel, and metallic patterns are formed on each unit cell. Multiple zones are subsequently defined on the surface of the FSS panel. Each zone is optimized for a predetermined range of incident angles.