A compact dual-band triple-polarized antenna based on shielded mushroom structures includes a vertically-polarized radiator and a horizontally-polarized radiator. Two parts are fixedly connected in a disc-shaped structure. The vertically-polarized radiator and the horizontally-polarized radiator are both multilayer structures. Each multilayer structure includes a plurality of concentric circles, and the plurality of concentric circles include a plurality of dielectric substrates. The vertically-polarized radiator and horizontally-polarized radiator each include a plurality of shielded mushroom cell structures. Each shielded mushroom cell structure includes at least three metal layers and a metallic shorting pin, and the metallic shorting pin connects at least two of the at least three metal layers. By controlling dispersion properties of the each shielded mushroom cell structure, a multi-frequency pattern diversity device possessing both vertical polarization and dual horizontal polarization radiation characteristics in two pre-defined frequencies is designed.

The techniques and systems described herein relate to manufacturing, characterizing, and/or identifying one or more types of magnetic nanowires (MNWs). One or more types of MNWs may be associated with different objects, and a system may identify the objects based on the magnetic nanowires associated with the objects. For example, such techniques may involve characterizing the types of MNWs based on magnetic field transmission characteristics and ferromagnetic resonance characteristics of each type of MNW. In some examples, the techniques described herein may enable the identification of each of a plurality of types of MNWs present in a sample or object based on a combined transmission value of the sample. Such techniques may enable the development and use of barcode-like systems of different types of MNWs for labeling and identifying objects of interest.

An antenna device including: a substrate; a plurality of antenna elements supported by the substrate, each of the antenna elements having a feeding point; and a parasitic element supported by the substrate and having no feeding point, in which the plurality of antenna elements is disposed to be spaced apart from each other along a predetermined direction, the parasitic element is mutually spaced apart in the direction from a first antenna element located on an end side in the direction among the plurality of antenna elements, and a first element interval between the parasitic element and the first antenna element is equal to or less than twice a second element interval between the first antenna element and a second antenna element located on an opposite side of the parasitic element with respect to the first antenna element.

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) radio frequency signals broadcast from geo-stationary satellites 20,000 km above the earth when received by GNSS receivers are fundamentally weak. Accordingly, these GNSS receivers are vulnerable to accidental and deliberate interference from a range of manmade sources as well as natural sources. Existing anti-jamming technologies such as controlled reception pattern antennas, adaptive antennas, null-steering antennas, and beamforming antennas etc. are expensive and incompatible with many lower cost and footprint limited applications. However, in many applications the GNSS antenna is mounted upon a fixed or mobile element such that accidental and intentional jammers tend to be in the plane of the antenna or below it. Accordingly, there are presented designs and techniques to improve the anti-jamming or interference performance of GNSS receivers by further reducing the responsivity of the GNSS receiver to signals in-plane or below the plane of the antenna.

An antenna system is provided that can include a plurality of parasitic elements connected to and extending from a ground plane, wherein each of the plurality of parasitic elements can be oriented at a common pitch angle, wherein each of the plurality of parasitic elements can be positioned at a uniform distance from a center of an antenna disposed on the ground plane, and wherein a respective length of each of the plurality of parasitic elements, the common pitch angle, and/or the uniform distance can be optimized so as to broaden a beamwidth of a radiation pattern produced by the antenna.

An antenna assembly includes one or more dielectrics having a first surface and a second surface opposite from the first surface. An antenna layer includes one or more antenna elements disposed on the first surface of the one or more dielectrics. A stripline feed network is disposed on or within the one or more dielectrics. One or more cavities are formed in the one or more dielectrics. The one or more cavities are disposed below the one more antenna elements.

An antenna system includes a first substrate, the first substrate being a dielectric substrate, a first patch on a first surface of the dielectric substrate and a second patch on a second surface of the dielectric substrate. The first and second patches are coupled to form a first capacitor with the dielectric substrate. A second substrate is coupled to the first substrate and a ground layer is provided on a first surface of the second substrate. An antenna feed is coupled to the second substrate.

An electronic device may have a phased antenna array. An antenna in the array may include a rectangular patch element with diagonal axes. The antenna may have first and second antenna feeds coupled to the patch element along the diagonal axes. The antenna may be rotated at a forty-five degree angle relative to other antennas in the array. The antenna may have one or two layers of parasitic elements overlapping the patch element. For example, the antenna may have a layer of coplanar parasitic patches separated by a gap. The antenna may also have an additional parasitic patch that is located farther from the patch element than the layer of coplanar parasitic patches. The additional parasitic patch may overlap the patch element and the gap in the coplanar parasitic patches. The antenna may exhibit a relatively small footprint and minimal mutual coupling with other antennas in the array.

A wireless communications module includes: a primary board including (i) a first surface bearing a radio controller, and defining a set of control contacts for connection to respective ports of the radio controller, and (ii) a second surface opposite the first surface; an antenna array integrated with the primary board, the antenna array including a plurality of unit cells each having: an inverted-L antenna having a planar element adjacent to the second surface of the primary board, and an orthogonal element extending from the planar element to a feed layer within the primary board; and a passive patch element between the planar element and the feed layer.

Provided are an antenna, a phase shifter, and a communication device. The antenna includes a first metal electrode, a second metal electrode, and a photo-sensitive layer. The first metal electrode and the second metal electrode are respectively located on two opposite sides of the photo-sensitive layer. The first metal electrode includes multiple transmission electrodes. The multiple transmission electrodes are configured to transmit electrical signals. The photo-sensitive layer includes at least one photo-sensitive unit and the at least one photo-sensitive unit overlaps the transmission electrodes. The antenna provides more possibilities for large-scale commercialization.