Provided is a scan driving circuit including a plurality of unit scan driving circuits, at least one of the plurality of unit scan driving circuits including: a first transistor configured to receive a prior scan signal in synchronization with a first clock signal and to respond to an enable level of the prior scan signal to output a second clock signal as a corresponding scan signal during one cycle of the first clock signal; a second transistor coupled between the first transistor and a first voltage; and a third transistor coupled to a gate of the second transistor and configured to be turned on by a first signal. A width of a first wire configured to transfer the first clock signal and a width of a second wire configured to transfer the second clock signal are larger than that of a third wire configured to transfer the first signal.

Provided is a scan driving circuit including a plurality of unit scan driving circuits, at least one of the plurality of unit scan driving circuits including: a first transistor configured to receive a prior scan signal in synchronization with a first clock signal and to respond to an enable level of the prior scan signal to output a second clock signal as a corresponding scan signal during one cycle of the first clock signal; a second transistor coupled between the first transistor and a first voltage; and a third transistor coupled to a gate of the second transistor and configured to be turned on by a first signal. A width of a first wire configured to transfer the first clock signal and a width of a second wire configured to transfer the second clock signal are larger than that of a third wire configured to transfer the first signal.

A device includes a plurality of antennas, including one or more active antennas, the antennas being configured in one of a plurality of possible configurations to achieve operation in WAN, LTE, WiFi, or WiMax bands, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, a passive antenna is utilized with lumped loading to fix the antenna tuning state. A primary and auxiliary radiator can be included in the device and configured for WAN/LTE bands, while additional antennas can be incorporated for WiFi and WiMax bands. Various antenna configurations incorporate the antenna having multiple coupled regions.

A first ground conductor is disposed in or on a main substrate. In or on an antenna module, a first antenna and a second ground conductor operating as a ground electrode of the first antenna are disposed. A coaxial cable including a core wire and an outer conductor feeds power to the first antenna. The outer conductor is electrically connected to the first ground conductor at a first position, and is connected to the second ground conductor at a second position. A second antenna including a feed element and a parasitic element operates at a lower frequency than the operating frequency of the first antenna. The second ground conductor and a part of the outer conductor from the first position to the second position also serve as the parasitic element of the second antenna.

The present disclosure improves, in an antenna module, the isolation characteristic between an output signal from an antenna and an input signal. An antenna module includes a dielectric substrate having a first surface and a second surface, an antenna formed on the first surface, a radio frequency element configured to supply a radio frequency signal to the antenna, and a signal terminal formed into a columnar shape using a conductive material. The signal terminal is connected to the radio frequency element by a wiring pattern in the dielectric substrate. The signal terminal is disposed outside an excitation region generated in an excitation direction of an output signal.

A patch antenna includes: a radiating element having a flat-plate shape; and a parasitic element provided at a position spaced away from the radiating element in planar view in which the radiating element is seen from a direction perpendicular to a plate surface of the radiating element. A longitudinal direction of the parasitic element is oriented along a direction of a line segment connecting a center of the radiating element and a feeding point in the planar view.

An antenna structure includes a radiative antenna element disposed in a first conductive layer, a reflector ground plane disposed in a second conductive layer under the first conductive layer, a feeding network comprising a transmission line disposed in a third conductive layer under the second conductive layer, and at least one coupling element disposed in proximity to a feeding terminal that electrically couples one end of the transmission line to the radiative antenna element. The coupling element is capacitively coupled with the feeding terminal.

An antenna apparatus includes a ground layer having a through-hole; a feed via disposed to pass through the through-hole; a patch antenna pattern disposed on the ground layer and electrically connected to one end of the feed via; a first coupling patch pattern disposed on the patch antenna pattern; a second coupling patch pattern disposed between the first coupling patch pattern and the patch antenna pattern; and a dielectric layer disposed in at least of a portion a space between the first coupling patch pattern and the second coupling patch pattern so that a dielectric constant of at least a portion of a space between the patch antenna pattern and the second coupling patch pattern is lower than a dielectric constant of the space between the first coupling patch portion and the second coupling patch pattern.

The invention provides an antenna module of improved performances; the antenna module may comprise a plurality of first antennas for signaling at a first band, and a plurality of second antennas for signaling at a second band different from the first band. Each said first antenna may comprise a main radiator which resonates at a mode-one frequency and a mode-two frequency different from the mode-one frequency; and the main radiator may be configured such that the mode-one frequency may be in the first band, and the mode-two frequency may not be in the first band and the second band.

A wireless communications module includes: a primary board including (i) a first surface bearing a radio controller, and defining a set of control contacts for connection to respective ports of the radio controller, and (ii) a second surface opposite the first surface; an antenna array integrated with the primary board, the antenna array including a plurality of unit cells each having: an inverted-L antenna having a planar element adjacent to the second surface of the primary board, and an orthogonal element extending from the planar element to a feed layer within the primary board; and a passive patch element between the planar element and the feed layer.