According to one embodiment, disclosed is an antenna comprising: a first waveguide having a first signal transmission path; a second waveguide connected to the first waveguide; and an antenna unit connected to the second waveguide and having a first opening, wherein the second waveguide comprises a first separator for separating the signal transmission path, and the antenna unit comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit.

A patch array has a routing printed circuit board with a plurality of layers for routing signals, and a plurality of printed circuit board patches that each has at least one through-via. The plurality of patches are mounted with the routing printed circuit board. In addition, the plurality of printed circuit board patches are formed in compliance with standard printed circuit board rules.

A patch antenna comprises a multilayer printed circuit board that includes a calibration network, an array of patch radiators and a feed network. In some embodiments, the multilayer printed circuit board includes a plurality of dielectric substrates, wherein the array of patch radiators is provided on a dielectric substrate different from the dielectric substrate on which the calibration network is provided, and the dielectric substrate provided with the array of patch radiators is provided above the dielectric substrate provided with the calibration network.

Apparatus, system and method for operating a transmission line. The transmission line includes two non-electrically coupled conductive sections. At least one electronic device is coupled to and between the two sections of the transmission line. The at least one electronic device are configured to stably maintain, in the absence of electric current applied to the at least one electronic device, a conductive state, and a non-conductive state, as between the two sections of the transmission line.

MIMO dual-polarised antenna assembly arranged in a nested arrangement. The antenna assembly comprises a ground plane and a dual-polarised lower band antenna elements mounted to the ground plane proximal to peripheral sides of the ground plane. The location of the lower band antenna elements defines a lower band peripheral boundary. The antenna assembly comprises (1) dual-polarised upper band antenna elements mounted to the ground plane, nested within the lower band peripheral boundary, (2) an upper feeding network configured to connect opposing pairs of lower band radiating elements of the dual polarised lower band antenna elements and feed the lower band antenna elements, the upper feeding network being located within the lower band peripheral boundary, and (3) a lower feeding network positioned below the upper feeding network, and is configured to feed the dual polarised lower band antenna elements via the upper feeding network using a pair of ultra-wideband duplexers.

The present disclosure relates to a 5.sup.th generation (5G) or pre-5G communication system for supporting higher data transmission rates than a 4.sup.th generation (4G) communication system such as long-term evolution (LTE). An antenna module in a wireless communication system includes: a printed circuit board (PCB); a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC); and a plurality of antenna elements for emitting a radio frequency (RF) signal, wherein the plurality of antenna elements may be disposed in a first area of a first surface of the PCB, and the RFIC may be disposed in a second area, different from the first area, of the first surface of the PCB.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna array for a transmit-array antenna system with a fixed feed antenna, comprising an inner radiating surface for receiving a first signal from the fixed feed antenna, an outer radiating surface for emitting a second signal from the antenna array and a platform for electric connection of Radio Frequency, RF, components disposed between the inner and outer radiating surfaces, the platform having a phase shifter for operatively connecting the inner and outer radiating surfaces.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna array for a transmit-array antenna system with a fixed feed antenna, comprising an inner radiating surface for receiving a first signal from the fixed feed antenna, an outer radiating surface for emitting a second signal from the antenna array and a platform for electric connection of Radio Frequency, RF, components disposed between the inner and outer radiating surfaces, the platform having a phase shifter for operatively connecting the inner and outer radiating surfaces.

Base station antennas include a main module that has a first backplane that includes a first reflector. A vertically-extending array of first radiating elements is mounted to extend forwardly from the first reflector, and at least one first RF port is coupled to the vertically-extending array of first radiating elements. These antennas further include a sub-module that is attached to the first backplane. The sub-module includes a second backplane that has a second reflector that is separate from the first reflector. A vertically-extending array of second radiating elements is mounted to extend forwardly from the second reflector and is transversely spaced-apart from the vertically-extending array of first radiating elements. A plurality of second RF ports are coupled to the vertically-extending array of second radiating elements. The vertically-extending array of first radiating elements and the vertically-extending array of second radiating elements are configured to serve a common sector of a base station.

An antenna device includes a first antenna having a length corresponding to a first frequency, and arranged along a ground, a second antenna formed by a slot penetrating metal constituting the first antenna, and having a slot length corresponding to a second frequency higher than the first frequency, a first feeder wire for the first frequency, connected from the ground to the first antenna, a metal element for electromagnetic field coupling, arranged in a non-contact state relative to the second antenna, between the slot and the ground; and a second feeder wire for the second frequency, connected from the ground to the metal element.