Driver circuitry for driving a power semiconductor switch having a control input and main terminals is described. The driver circuitry includes control terminal driver circuitry coupled to the control input and configured to provide a drive signal, a sense terminal coupled to the main terminal, a current mirror coupled to the sense terminal to mirror a current input into the sense terminal during turn-off, a first current comparator configured to compare a current signal received from the current mirror to a first current threshold and output a first signal representative of the comparison, and a second comparator configured to compare a signal received from the sense terminal to a turn-on threshold and output a second signal representative of the comparison. The turn-on threshold represents a highest voltage of the main terminal during turn-on. The first current threshold represents a highest voltage of the main terminal during turn-off.

An electronic circuit for a surgical robotic system includes a central power node, a first voltage bus that electrically couples a first power source to the node, a second voltage bus that electrically couples a second power source to the node, and several robotic arms, each arm is electrically coupled to the node via an output circuit breaker and is arranged to draw power from the node. Each bus is arranged to provide power from a respective power source to the node and each bus has an input circuit breaker that is arranged to limit a first output current flow from the node and into the bus. Each breaker that is arranged to limit a second output current flow from the node and into a respective arm. A breaker is arranged to open in response to a fault occurring within the respective arm, while the other breakers remain closed.

An electronic circuit for a surgical robotic system includes a central power node, a first voltage bus that electrically couples a first power source to the node, a second voltage bus that electrically couples a second power source to the node, and several robotic arms, each arm is electrically coupled to the node via an output circuit breaker and is arranged to draw power from the node. Each bus is arranged to provide power from a respective power source to the node and each bus has an input circuit breaker that is arranged to limit a first output current flow from the node and into the bus. Each breaker that is arranged to limit a second output current flow from the node and into a respective arm. A breaker is arranged to open in response to a fault occurring within the respective arm, while the other breakers remain closed.

Systems and methods performed by a fault detection apparatus for fault detection and localization in distribution feeders having branches and nodes. The method including receive feeder raw data in a feeder of a power system. Process the feeder raw data with given operational electrical characteristics of the feeder to generate a branch attribute dataset for each branch separated by a pair of nodes for all branches. Generate a node attribute dataset for each node for all the nodes in the feeder. Input the branch and node attribute datasets into a trained neural network to determine whether a branch has a fault and a fault location within the branch, to output a classification of the fault and the fault location. Generate an alert signal based upon determining the classified fault and fault location in response to the alert signal to an outage response system.

The invention discloses a circuit protection device with self fault detection function. The ground fault protection unit comprises a ground fault detection circuit, an AC power supply path and an electromagnetic drive circuit. The self fault detection unit comprises an automatic detection circuit and a control circuit. The control circuit starts periodically a self fault detection process, controls the automatic detection circuit to generate a ground fault current GFC to the ground fault protection unit, and detects the fault status signal from the electromagnetic drive circuit. Based on the fault status signal, operation situations of the ground fault protection unit can be determined. If a fault occurs, an emergency interruption signal is generated, and that activates the electromagnetic drive circuit to make the ground fault protection unit trip in emergency, and cut off the AC power supply on load and socket terminals, and thus the emergency protection function is achieved. The ground fault protection unit utilizes an electromagnetic drive circuit which comprises two silicon controlled rectifiers, so that the reliability of the circuit protection device can be improved.

A solid-state zero current switching circuit breaker is configured to interrupt current flow between a voltage input and a load. The solid-state zero current switching circuit breaker includes at least one resonant capacitor cell having an input configured to receive a source voltage and an output configured to deliver drive current to the load. The resonant capacitor cell is configured to selectively limit the drive current to the output based on a variable voltage. The solid-state zero current switching circuit breaker further includes at least one voltage clamping switch configured to detect a short-circuit fault or an overload condition. The voltage clamping switch adjusts the variable voltage in response to detecting the short-circuit fault condition or the overload condition such that the resonant capacitor cell limits the drive current.

A discharging control system of a vehicle that supplies power to a load device outside the vehicle via a power cable, includes a connection signal line, a detector, and a controller. The connection signal line is configured such that a potential thereof changes in response to a discharging connector provided on the power cable being connected to the vehicle. The detector is configured to detect the potential of the connection signal line. The controller is configured to control a physical quantity related to the power supplied from the vehicle to the load device, based on the potential detected by the detector.

A system and method includes a circuit for protecting a photovoltaic string. A bypass switch connects in parallel to the photovoltaic string and a hot spot protection switch connects in series with the photovoltaic string. A first control signal controls opening and closing of the bypass switch and a second control signal controls opening and closing of the hot spot protection switch. Upon detection of a hot spot condition the first control signal closes the bypass switch and after the bypass switch is closed the second control signal opens the hot spot protection switch.

A controller includes a tracking regulator having a reference voltage input and a voltage output and configured to regulate the voltage output to the reference voltage input. The controller is configured to, in response to a short to ground of the voltage output, electrically couple the reference voltage input to the voltage output.

A superconducting wire rod according to an aspect of the present disclosure is a superconducting wire rod having a flat cross-sectional shape which is characterized in that a voltage is generated with a lower current density or a higher voltage is generated with the same current density in a region on at least one end side in a wire rod width direction as compared with a region other than the region on the at least one end side.