High voltage clamps with transient activation and activation release control are provided herein. In certain configurations, an integrated circuit (IC) includes a clamp electrically connected between a first node and a second node and having a control input. The IC further includes a first resistor-capacitor (RC) circuit that activates a detection signal in response to detecting a transient overstress event between the first node and the second node, an active feedback circuit that provides feedback from the first node to the control input of the clamp in response to activation of the detection signal, a second RC circuit that activates a shutdown signal after detecting passage of the transient overstress event based on low pass filtering a voltage difference between the first node and the second node, and a clamp shutdown circuit that turns off the clamp via the control input in response to activation of the shutdown signal.

Disclosed is a voltage reference buffer circuit including a first, second, third, and fourth bias generators and a first, second, third, and fourth driving components. The first, second, third, and fourth bias generators generate bias voltages to control the first, second, third, and fourth driving components respectively. The first, second, third, and fourth driving components are coupled in sequence, wherein the first and second driving components are different types of transistors and jointly output a first reference voltage, the third and fourth driving components are different types of transistors and jointly output a second reference voltage, and the group of the first and second driving components is separated from the group of the third and fourth driving components by a resistance load.

The present invention discloses a USB signal output circuit having reverse current prevention mechanism. A switch circuit turns on when a switch control terminal receives a first high level voltage to output a signal from a signal input terminal to a signal output terminal. A first voltage pull-low circuit includes a passive-component high-pass filter circuit and a discharging circuit. The passive-component high-pass filter circuit couples an output terminal voltage of the signal output terminal to a pull-low control terminal. The discharging circuit turns on when a voltage of the pull-low control terminal is larger than a predetermined voltage level to discharge the switch control terminal to pull the switch control terminal to a second high level voltage. A second voltage pull-low circuit pulls the switch control terminal to a low level voltage when the output terminal voltage is larger than a reference voltage and does not have a glitch.

A safe energy supply unit (1) and system, for supplying an electrical device (8) in an explosion-proof area, transmits power from an energy source (9), including a plurality of galvanically isolated individual sources, with a multiple line connection (2) with a plurality of galvanically isolated and individually shielded conductor pairs (31, 32, 33, 34). A collector device (4), in an explosion-proof jacket (5) at an end of the multiple line (3), has uncoupling devices (45) for the galvanically isolated conductor pairs and a combiner circuit (47, 49) that combines the transmitted electric power from each line into a global power. The global power is outputted at an output (48) of the collector device to the electrical device. The conductor pairs allow for an increased global power, which is scalable, safely transmittable, with standard, conductor pairs. The electrical device is intrinsically safely supplied with high power with minimal effort.

An apparatus, system and method of controlling the supply of DC current from a power source to an electrical load provides for a protective circuit that senses the characteristics of the connected load prior to permitting the enablement of a switch connecting the supply and the load. A voltage arising from applying a constant current to the load during a time period is compared with a predetermined threshold determined by the intended capacity of the switch so that, when closed, the current through the switch is compatible with the switch. The protective circuit may be used in conjunction with semiconductor switches, electromechanical contactors or relays. A plurality of such devices may be incorporated in an enclosure and controlled by logic so as to manage the supply of power from a power source to a plurality of electrical loads having differing power requirements.

An arrangement for an overvoltage protection of a subsea electrical apparatus and a method for operating it. The arrangement includes a tank submersible below a water surface level, an electrical apparatus accommodated in the tank, and a surge arrester arrangement accommodated in the tank and coupled to a power supply of the electrical apparatus in the tank for providing the overvoltage protection of the electrical apparatus. The arrangement further includes a controllable grounding switch for connecting the surge arrester arrangement to a ground point in response to a control of the grounding switch to a closed state and for disconnecting the surge arrester arrangement from the ground point in response to a control of the grounding switch to an open state.

A discharging circuit includes a current limiting resistor, a first switch configured to connect a component to be discharged on an electrical network to a reference potential indirectly via the current limiting resistor, and a limiting circuit configured to be arranged on a control connection side of the first switch and is configured to limit heating that occurs at the first switch or at the current limiting resistor in a discharging mode, wherein the limiting circuit includes a thermistor thermally coupled to the first switch or to the current limiting resistor.

A package has a package body formed by stacked insulating layers and having a front surface including a mounting area, a back surface and a side surface; a plurality of hollow portions arranged so as to be adjacent to each other on the front surface of the package body; a plurality of electrode pads individually placed on respective bottom surfaces of the hollow portions; and a partition wall formed by at least one insulating layer that forms the package body and having protruding banks at its both edge sides. Surfaces of the electrode pads are located at a lower position with respect to the front surface of the package body. The hollow portions are arranged at opposite sides of the partition wall. The electrode pads are electrically connected to respective conductor layers that are formed on the back surface and/or the side surface of the package body.

In a method for monitoring the operation of an electric motor and a lifting mechanism, the motor current is acquired, and the electric motor has, for example, an electromagnetically actuable brake, e.g., a holding brake. In the method, a pre-magnetization is performed when the electric motor is switched on, the characteristic of the acquired values of the motor current is monitored for an exceeding of a permissible measure of deviation from a setpoint characteristic, and a brake of the electric motor is activated, e.g., remains applied.

Systems, methods, techniques and apparatuses of a semiconductor control system are disclosed. One exemplary embodiment is a method for protecting a semiconductor switch comprising receiving a first voltage during a second blanking period following a first blanking period; determining whether a short circuit fault is occurring by comparing the first voltage to a fast detection threshold corresponding to a first value of a drain-source voltage of the semiconductor switch; if a short circuit is not occurring: receiving a second voltage after the second blanking period ends; determining whether a short circuit fault is occurring by comparing the second voltage to a slow detection threshold corresponding to a second value of the drain-source voltage; and if a short circuit fault is occurring, opening the semiconductor switch, wherein the first value of the drain-source voltage is greater than the second value of the drain-source voltage.