A system is described that turns off a high power, power supply when a device no longer needs high power. A low power, power supply or a rechargeable battery provides power to determine when the device again needs high power. The low power supply consumes a minimum possible power when the device does not need high power and the power rechargeable battery is not charged. That is, the high power and low power, power supplies are turned on or off based on the real time power consumption need of the device and the charged state of the battery. The power need of the device is monitored by a current shunt monitoring circuit and a control signal monitoring circuit.

A system is described that turns off a high power, power supply when a device no longer needs high power. A low power, power supply or a rechargeable battery provides power to determine when the device again needs high power. The low power supply consumes a minimum possible power when the device does not need high power and the power rechargeable battery is not charged. That is, the high power and low power, power supplies are turned on or off based on the real time power consumption need of the device and the charged state of the battery. The power need of the device is monitored by a current shunt monitoring circuit and a control signal monitoring circuit.

A charging device for charging a mobile device using a charging component includes a power connector and a thermal monitoring device. The power connector includes a housing having an end wall between a front and a rear. The housing includes power contact channels with power contacts received therein. The thermal monitoring device is coupled to the end wall of the housing. The thermal monitoring device includes a substrate, a mating connector mounted to the substrate, and a temperature sensor mounted to the substrate. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the mating connector being positioned in close proximity with at least one of the power contacts such that the temperature sensor is in thermal communication with the power contact for monitoring the temperature of the power contact.

A power reception apparatus performs device authentication on a power transmission apparatus, and performs control to request first power of the power transmission apparatus in a case where the power transmission apparatus fails the device authentication and to request second power higher than the first power of the power transmission apparatus in a case where the power transmission apparatus successfully passes the device authentication. In addition, the power reception apparatus sets a setting to permit requesting the second power of a power transmission apparatus which does not have a function for responding to the device authentication.

A battery charging system includes a battery removably mounted on an electric power device using electric power, a charging device configured to charge the battery using renewable power which is electric power generated from renewable energy, and a server configured to communicate with the charging device. The charging device is configured to control charging of the battery accommodated in an accommodation unit on the basis of reception information received from the server. The server is configured to compare receivable power, which is the renewable power capable of being received by the charging device, with a threshold value and configured to transmit transmission information for causing the charging device to control the charging of the battery to the charging device on the basis of a result of comparing the receivable power with the threshold value.

Various embodiments of the present technology may provide methods and apparatus for a battery. The apparatus may be configured to prevent leakage current from the battery to a number of sub-systems by selectively operating switches that connect the battery to the sub-systems. Operation of the switches may be based on whether the battery is charging or discharging and the capacity of the battery.

A method and a system for identifying third-order model parameters of a lithium battery based on a likelihood function are provided, which relates to a method for estimating battery model parameters of a lithium battery under different temperatures, different system-on-chips (SOCs), and charge-discharge currents. The method includes the following steps. A third-order battery model of the lithium battery is established. A battery model output voltage U.sub.d and a total battery current I under different temperatures, different SOCs, and charge-discharge currents are collected. The likelihood function is adopted to construct an identification model, and the collected data is substituted into the identification model to calculate the battery model parameters. Identified parameters are substituted into the third-order battery model to obtain a battery terminal voltage to be compared with a measured terminal voltage. The operation method of the disclosure is simple and effective, and can accurately estimate internal resistance parameters of the lithium battery.

An apparatus for verifying electrical connectivity between a first device and a second device includes: a signal generator configured to generate a first signal having a voltage waveform. under control of a processor; a second device connector configured to transmit the first signal to the second device and acquire a second signal output from the second device in response to the first signal; a processor connector configured to transmit the first and second signals to the processor; a current controller configured to control a magnitude of current such that the first signal has a given current value; and the processor configured to verify the electrical connectivity between the first and second devices based on the first and second signals received through the processor connector.

The present invention suppresses leakage magnetic field. A power transfer coil configured to transmit or receive power includes: an inner coil; a first outer coil formed so as to surround the inner coil such that a magnetic flux opposite in phase to a magnetic flux outside the inner coil is generated outside the first outer coil, the first outer coil having one end connected to a first terminal and the other end connected to one end of the inner coil; and a second outer coil formed so as to surround the inner coil such that a magnetic flux opposite in phase to the magnetic flux outside the inner coil is generated outside the second outer coil, the second outer coil having one end connected to a second terminal and the other end connected to the other end of the inner coil.

The present invention suppresses leakage magnetic field. A power transfer coil configured to transmit or receive power includes: an inner coil; a first outer coil formed so as to surround the inner coil such that a magnetic flux opposite in phase to a magnetic flux outside the inner coil is generated outside the first outer coil, the first outer coil having one end connected to a first terminal and the other end connected to one end of the inner coil; and a second outer coil formed so as to surround the inner coil such that a magnetic flux opposite in phase to the magnetic flux outside the inner coil is generated outside the second outer coil, the second outer coil having one end connected to a second terminal and the other end connected to the other end of the inner coil.