A permanent magnet DC motor with 2P magnetic poles, where P is an integer greater than 1, comprising a stator (100) with a plurality of magnetic components, and a rotor (104) configured to rotate relative to the stator. The rotor may comprise a commutator and a rotor core with a plurality of rotor teeth (106) defining a plurality of rotor grooves (108), wherein the rotor grooves accommodate a plurality rotor windings. In some embodiments, the commutator comprises a plurality m of commutator bars (Z), wherein m is an even number greater than 2. The rotor windings comprises a plurality of coil elements (W), wherein a coil element comprises two ends connecting a pair of commutator bars, such that a first pair of adjacent commutator bars is connected through P−1 serially connected coil elements, and a second pair of adjacent commutator bars is connected through P+1 serially connected coil elements.

The invention relates to a commutator, comprising an insulating base and a plurality of commutator segments arranged on the insulating base, wherein each commutator segment comprises a metal layer, a transition layer and a graphite layer arranged on the base in sequence. The transition layer contains a material identical to that of the graphite layer and a material identical to that of the metal layer. The invention further relates to a motor comprising the commutator and a method for manufacturing the commutator. As the transition layer contains the material identical to that of the graphite layer and the metal layer, the problem that the graphite layer and the metal layer are cracked during high temperature sintering is resolved. The service life of the commutator is prolonged. The method for manufacturing the commutator reduces chemical contamination and production cost caused by electroplating and brazing used in a traditional technology.

A brush motor has a housing, an end cap and a brush assembly. The brush assembly includes an brush card, brush cages disposed on the brush card, brushes mounted in the respective brush cages, terminals for connecting with an external power supply, and power supply circuits connecting the terminals to the respective brushes. The brush assembly further includes at least one grounding conductor mounted to the brush card and electrically connected to the power supply circuits. The grounding conductor includes a main portion fixed to the brush card and a tongue extending from the main portion. The tongue includes a bent portion for resilient connection to the end cap or housing.

A brush holder apparatus includes a stationary support member having at least one groove and a fork electrical connector. A brush retainment member is configured to be releasably affixed to the stationary support member. The brush retainment member has at least one rail configured to slide along the at least one groove. The brush retainment member has a knife electrical connector configured to mate with the fork electrical connector. The stationary support member is configured for electrical connection to a collector mount and the brush retainment member is configured to retain at least one brush.

A brush holder apparatus includes a stationary support member having at least one groove and a fork electrical connector. A brush retainment member is configured to be releasably affixed to the stationary support member. The brush retainment member has at least one rail configured to slide along the at least one groove. The brush retainment member has a knife electrical connector configured to mate with the fork electrical connector. The stationary support member is configured for electrical connection to a collector mount and the brush retainment member is configured to retain at least one brush.

A brush holder system includes a stationary support member having at least one groove, and a fork electrical connector. A brush retainment member is configured to be releasably affixed to the stationary support member. The brush retainment member has at least one rail configured to slide along the at least one groove. The brush retainment member has a knife electrical connector configured to mate with the fork electrical connector. A radio frequency identification device (RFID) tag is mounted on the brush retainment member, and the RFID tag is configured to monitor brush wear and communicate brush wear status to a monitoring system. The stationary support member is configured for electrical connection to a collector mount and the brush retainment member is configured to retain at least one brush.

A brush holder system includes a stationary support member having at least one groove, and a fork electrical connector. A brush retainment member is configured to be releasably affixed to the stationary support member. The brush retainment member has at least one rail configured to slide along the at least one groove. The brush retainment member has a knife electrical connector configured to mate with the fork electrical connector. A radio frequency identification device (RFID) tag is mounted on the brush retainment member, and the RFID tag is configured to monitor brush wear and communicate brush wear status to a monitoring system. The stationary support member is configured for electrical connection to a collector mount and the brush retainment member is configured to retain at least one brush.

An apparatus for use with a dynamoelectric machine includes a main body configured for attachment to a brush holder. A proximity sensor is on the main body, and the proximity sensor is configured for detecting the presence of a brush located at least partially inside the brush holder. The apparatus receives power from a battery located inside the apparatus, and transmits a wireless signal. The wireless signal is transformable into an indication of a remaining life of the brush. The apparatus is configured to be fully operational when the dynamoelectric machine is neither energized nor in operation, as the apparatus receives power from the battery.

A brush assembly includes a brush holder, a brush, an elastic element, and a conductive terminal. The brush slidably is accommodated in the brush holder. The elastic element is resisted between the brush and the brush holder. And the conductive terminal is formed by bending from the brush holder.

A brush assembly includes a brush holder, a brush, an elastic element, and a conductive terminal. The brush slidably is accommodated in the brush holder. The elastic element is resisted between the brush and the brush holder. And the conductive terminal is formed by bending from the brush holder.