In an embodiment, a permanent magnet includes a composition represented by a composition formula: R(Fe.sub.pM.sub.qCu.sub.r(Co.sub.1-sA.sub.s).sub.1-p-q-r).sub.z, where, R is at least one element selected from rare earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, and Hf, A is at least one element selected from Ni, V, Cr, Mn, Al, Si, Ga, Nb, Ta, and W, 0.05≦p≦0.6, 0.005≦q≦0.1, 0.01≦r≦0.15, 0≦s≦0.2, and 4≦z≦9, and a two-phase structure of a Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 crystal phase and a copper-rich phase. In a cross-section of the permanent magnet containing a crystal c axis of the Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 crystal phase, an average distance between the copper-rich phases is 120 nm or less.

The present invention provides an R-T-B based permanent magnet, comprising: a main phase which is composed of the structure of R.sub.2T.sub.14B (R is at least one element selected from Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd, and T is one or more transition metal elements having Fe or a combination of Fe and Co as necessary); and a grain boundary phase which is composed of Ce.sub.xM.sub.1-x (M is at least one element selected from Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, In, Sn, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Hf, Ta, W and Bi, and x is within the range of 0.20≦x≦0.55), and the cross-sectional ratio Atre of the grain boundary phase to the whole magnet structure is within the range of 0.03<Atre<0.07.

Embodiments of this disclosure are directed to devices that allow for adjusting of device parameters in a manner that does not involve power dissipation in an essential way. Thus, power demands when such devices are used in applications can be insignificant. This applies to both springs and inerters, which constitute basic lossless building blocks of mechanical device systems, and are analogues of inductors and capacitors in electrical circuits. Embodiments of this disclosure are also directed to a lossless adjustable 2-port transformer, and realization of mechanical translational and rotary transformers are set forth in the following. Embodiments of this disclosure allow for reduction of power demands in adjusting device parameters.

Embodiments of this disclosure are directed to devices that allow for adjusting of device parameters in a manner that does not involve power dissipation in an essential way. Thus, power demands when such devices are used in applications can be insignificant. This applies to both springs and inerters, which constitute basic lossless building blocks of mechanical device systems, and are analogues of inductors and capacitors in electrical circuits. Embodiments of this disclosure are also directed to a lossless adjustable 2-port transformer, and realization of mechanical translational and rotary transformers are set forth in the following. Embodiments of this disclosure allow for reduction of power demands in adjusting device parameters.

The present invention is related to power generation and motion transformation. The invention allows to convert a movement into a different movement and changing the vector of the movement, speed and force, with management of the magnetic flux of permanent magnets. Mechanical mechanisms are common as transmissions, torque converters, and crankshafts, along with electric or electromagnetic conversions such as transformers or inverters. This is related to one that uses permanent magnets magnetic radiation intensity and polarity to transfer force and create a movement useful to generate power. The invention can work to convert DC to AC, AC to AC, change the frequency, or generate power.

Provided is an aquarium that includes a tank, a magnetic induction driving module, a magnetic induction power generation module, and an electric device disposed in the tank. The magnetic induction driving module is disposed outside the tank. The magnetic induction power generation module is disposed inside the tank adjacent to the magnetic induction driving module. The magnetic induction driving module is coupled to an external power source. The magnetic induction power generation module includes a magnetic induction generator, which includes a rotor assembly and a power generation induction coil which is wound around an exterior of the rotor assembly and which is coupled to the electric device. When the magnetic induction driving module is powered on, the rotor assembly is operative to rotate relative to the power generation induction coil, enabling the power generation induction coil to generate an induced current to power up the electric device.

Electric propulsion systems, and methods of operating and implementing same, are disclosed herein. In one example embodiment, an electric propulsion system includes an electric motor, a motor drive coupled to the electric motor, and a thermal management subsystem. The electric motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the motor drive includes each of an inverter including a plurality of wide bandgap semiconductor field effect transistors (FETs), and a controller coupled at least indirectly to the FETs and configured to control the FETs by way of pulse width modulation (PWM) control. Additionally, at least a first portion of the electric motor and at least a second portion of the motor drive are cooled by the thermal management subsystem.

Electric propulsion systems, and methods of operating and implementing same, are disclosed herein. In one example embodiment, an electric propulsion system includes an electric motor, a motor drive coupled to the electric motor, and a thermal management subsystem. The electric motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the motor drive includes each of an inverter including a plurality of wide bandgap semiconductor field effect transistors (FETs), and a controller coupled at least indirectly to the FETs and configured to control the FETs by way of pulse width modulation (PWM) control. Additionally, at least a first portion of the electric motor and at least a second portion of the motor drive are cooled by the thermal management subsystem.

A gas compressor includes an incompressible fluid source for storing an incompressible fluid. A rotary shaft is coupled to the incompressible fluid source. Operation of the rotary shaft draws the incompressible fluid up or down the rotary shaft. A piston chamber is coupled to each piston in a set of pistons. The incompressible fluid is delivered to the first piston by a controlled fluid valve assembly, to drive the first piston. The centripetal force from the rotation of the rotary shaft and the force of incompressible fluid from an impeller drive the first piston to compress a gas in the piston chamber of the first piston. The incompressible fluid is released from the first piston, by the controlled fluid valve assembly. The incompressible fluid is alternately delivered to the second piston to drive the second piston and compress gas.

A field configurable autonomous vehicle includes modular elements and attachable components. The vehicle can be assembled from these modular elements and components to meet desired mission and performance characteristics without the need to purchase specially designed vehicles for each mission. The vehicle can include a modular propulsion system with magnetic drive.