A keyboard for physically handicapped persons, including a translucent surface, a capacitive layer underneath the translucent surface, enabling detection of touch location and pressure on the translucent surface, a projection system dynamically projecting a plurality of visual layouts of keys of a keyboard on the translucent surface, wherein each visual layout includes ASCII character keys or graphical buttons, and a dynamic keyboard layout generator configured to receive user input in conformance with a currently projected layout of keys from a physically handicapped user, and to generate therefrom a time series of ASCII characters or button selections for input to the computing device, to dynamically adjust pressure sensitivity of the keyboard to avoid spurious user input, and to dynamically adjust key sizes and positions in a current virtual layout of keys, to reduce the amount of hand motion required by the user and the amount of discomfort experienced by the user.

Mechanisms including: receiving a first set of observed spike counts (FSoOSCs) for the spiking cells; determining a set of probabilities (SoPs) by: retrieving the SoPs from stored information (SI); or calculating the SopS based on the SI, wherein the SI regards possible biological states (BSs) of a subject, wherein each of the possible BSs belongs to at least one of a plurality of time sequences (PoTSs) of BSs, wherein each of the PoTSs of BSs corresponds to a possible action of the subject, and wherein each probability in the set of probabilities indicates a likelihood of observing a possible spike count for one of the plurality of spiking cells; identifying using a hardware processor a first identified BS of the subject from the possible BSs based on the FSoOSCs and the set of probabilities; and determining an action to be performed based on the first identified BS.

Mechanisms including: receiving a first set of observed spike counts (FSoOSCs) for the spiking cells; determining a set of probabilities (SoPs) by: retrieving the SoPs from stored information (SI); or calculating the SopS based on the SI, wherein the SI regards possible biological states (BSs) of a subject, wherein each of the possible BSs belongs to at least one of a plurality of time sequences (PoTSs) of BSs, wherein each of the PoTSs of BSs corresponds to a possible action of the subject, and wherein each probability in the set of probabilities indicates a likelihood of observing a possible spike count for one of the plurality of spiking cells; identifying using a hardware processor a first identified BS of the subject from the possible BSs based on the FSoOSCs and the set of probabilities; and determining an action to be performed based on the first identified BS.

Methods, systems, and techniques for controlling posture by using eye gaze technology to facilitate position changes in seating, such as in a wheelchair or bed, are provided. Example embodiments provide an Eye Gaze Posture Control System (“EGPCS”) which enables people with advanced motor neuron diseases or disabilities like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or muscular dystrophy to use eye gaze technologies to control their seating and bed positioning. In one embodiment, the example EGPCS comprises a posture and pressure advisor, logging and telemetry logic, a posture control application, device interface(s) to one or more other devices that control aspects of the powered wheelchair or bed, and eye gaze actuation control. These components cooperate to adjust position of a seat or a bed using eye gaze technology as opposed to by a virtual cursor or by manual control.

Methods, systems, and techniques for controlling posture by using eye gaze technology to facilitate position changes in seating, such as in a wheelchair or bed, are provided. Example embodiments provide an Eye Gaze Posture Control System (“EGPCS”) which enables people with advanced motor neuron diseases or disabilities like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or muscular dystrophy to use eye gaze technologies to control their seating and bed positioning. In one embodiment, the example EGPCS comprises a posture and pressure advisor, logging and telemetry logic, a posture control application, device interface(s) to one or more other devices that control aspects of the powered wheelchair or bed, and eye gaze actuation control. These components cooperate to adjust position of a seat or a bed using eye gaze technology as opposed to by a virtual cursor or by manual control.

Physical assistance for identification of an input location on a touchscreen may include detecting that a user has contacted a touchscreen at an initial touch point with a pointing device, predicting an input location from one or more input locations for receiving input on the touchscreen, determining a path from the initial touch point to the predicted input location, and generating a physical cursor on the touchscreen at a location proximate to the pointing device, wherein the physical cursor is a raised portion of the touchscreen.

Physical assistance for identification of an input location on a touchscreen may include detecting that a user has contacted a touchscreen at an initial touch point with a pointing device, predicting an input location from one or more input locations for receiving input on the touchscreen, determining a path from the initial touch point to the predicted input location, and generating a physical cursor on the touchscreen at a location proximate to the pointing device, wherein the physical cursor is a raised portion of the touchscreen.

An adapter is provided that connects any one of a variety of makeup applicators for applying makeup to a motion controlling device that directs movement of the makeup applicator. The adapter includes a base component having a base connection for connecting the adapter to the motion controlling device in a certain orientation, and an end component having an end connection for connecting the adapter to a makeup applicator. The end component has a center axis through its center and is rotatably attached about the center axis to the base component with a structure for locking the end component in a certain rotated angle about the center axis.

Methods, systems, apparatus, and non-transitory computer readable media are disclosed utilizing brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Various embodiments are disclosed to allow a user to directly select multiple-choice answers, to provide motorized wheelchair controls, and to allow a user to play a game via the BCI. When used in a cognitive assessment test, embodiments include the administration of unmodified standardized tests with results in the same or a similar format as those taken without a BCI. Various embodiments are disclosed to improve the accuracy of BCI test administration using a three-step process for each test question, which includes determining whether the user intends to select an answer, monitoring user brain activity to determine a selected answer, and verifying the selected answer. In addition, the selected answer may be verified by monitoring user brain activity in accordance with a hold-release process to determine whether a user intends to initiate a state change.

Methods, systems, apparatus, and non-transitory computer readable media are disclosed utilizing brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Various embodiments are disclosed to allow a user to directly select multiple-choice answers, to provide motorized wheelchair controls, and to allow a user to play a game via the BCI. When used in a cognitive assessment test, embodiments include the administration of unmodified standardized tests with results in the same or a similar format as those taken without a BCI. Various embodiments are disclosed to improve the accuracy of BCI test administration using a three-step process for each test question, which includes determining whether the user intends to select an answer, monitoring user brain activity to determine a selected answer, and verifying the selected answer. In addition, the selected answer may be verified by monitoring user brain activity in accordance with a hold-release process to determine whether a user intends to initiate a state change.