A hybrid electrodynamic levitation system that utilizes both superconducting and conductive tracks. The hybrid system reduces the overall drag induced upon the system and reduces the amount of power required to achieve operating speeds, while resolving the issue of requiring velocity relative to the track for levitation. The total initial and operating costs of the hybrid system can be lower than utilizing a superconductive or conductive track alone, while still enabling a fail-safe levitation system for high speed transportation.

A superconducting generator includes an annular armature connectable to rotate with a rotating component of a wind turbine. A stationary annular field winding is coaxial to the armature and separated by a gap from the armature. The field winding includes superconducting coils, and there is a non-rotating support for the field winding. The non-rotating support is a torque tube. The torque tube is a member formed of a composite material, or a member formed of a plurality of segmented sections, a space frame or strut torque carrying assembly. The torque tube is connected to a thermal shield casing or a field winding housing.

A superconducting generator includes an annular armature connectable to rotate with a rotating component of a wind turbine. A stationary annular field winding is coaxial to the armature and separated by a gap from the armature. The field winding includes superconducting coils, and there is a non-rotating support for the field winding. The non-rotating support is a torque tube. The torque tube is a member formed of a composite material, or a member formed of a plurality of segmented sections, a space frame or strut torque carrying assembly. The torque tube is connected to a thermal shield casing or a field winding housing.

A superconducting coil includes: a winding member 12 that has a side surface 18 along a coil radial direction and is formed by laminating a superconducting tape wire 20 in the coil radial direction by winding; and a bypass 19 that is provided on the side surface 18 of the winding member 12 and electrically connects the superconducting tape wire 20 in the coil radial direction.

A superconducting coil includes: a winding member 12 that has a side surface 18 along a coil radial direction and is formed by laminating a superconducting tape wire 20 in the coil radial direction by winding; and a bypass 19 that is provided on the side surface 18 of the winding member 12 and electrically connects the superconducting tape wire 20 in the coil radial direction.

An assemblable modular and disc coreless permanent magnet superconducting ultra-efficient motor comprises a junction box, a housing, bearings, a rotating shaft, rotors, a stator, and air gaps; the housing comprises a left and a right end cover, the rotors comprise a left and right rotor; both left and right rotor comprise 2N pairs of left or right rotor poles and rotor yokes; the stator comprises a stator armature disc and stator windings, the bearings comprise a left and right bearing, and the air gaps comprise a left and right air gap. The rotor's magnetic field is replaced by high-temperature resistant rare earth high-intensity permanent magnets, and the rotor's electrically excited magnetic field is replaced by permanent magnets, eliminating rotor's copper and iron losses. The winding superconducting wires eliminate stator's copper loss, and stator iron core removal eliminates stator's iron and magnetic saturation loss, improving the efficiency and torque output.

An assemblable modular and disc coreless permanent magnet superconducting ultra-efficient motor comprises a junction box, a housing, bearings, a rotating shaft, rotors, a stator, and air gaps; the housing comprises a left and a right end cover, the rotors comprise a left and right rotor; both left and right rotor comprise 2N pairs of left or right rotor poles and rotor yokes; the stator comprises a stator armature disc and stator windings, the bearings comprise a left and right bearing, and the air gaps comprise a left and right air gap. The rotor's magnetic field is replaced by high-temperature resistant rare earth high-intensity permanent magnets, and the rotor's electrically excited magnetic field is replaced by permanent magnets, eliminating rotor's copper and iron losses. The winding superconducting wires eliminate stator's copper loss, and stator iron core removal eliminates stator's iron and magnetic saturation loss, improving the efficiency and torque output.

An object of the invention is to provide a superconducting induction rotating machine that is smaller, more power-saving for its operation, and widely applicable as a propulsion generation system. According to the present invention, there is provided a superconducting induction rotating machine 1 that has a stator 14 for which a plurality of superconducting armature coils 15 are placed along the circumferential direction, and a rotor 18 provided rotatably around a central axis line in a state opposing the stator 14 with a predetermined gap interposed, wherein the rotor 18 is configured of a complex consisting of a cylindrical electrically conductive material layer 22 disposed on a side opposing the stator 14, and a magnetic material layer 23 disposed on an opposite side to the side opposing the stator 14 of the electrically conductive material layer 22, and wherein the superconducting induction rotating machine 1 rotationally drives the rotor by generating a rotational torque in the rotor 18 with a rotating magnetic field created by the armature coils 25 while the superconducting armature coils 15 disposed on the stator 14 being cooled to a superconducting state.

An object of the invention is to provide a superconducting induction rotating machine that is smaller, more power-saving for its operation, and widely applicable as a propulsion generation system. According to the present invention, there is provided a superconducting induction rotating machine 1 that has a stator 14 for which a plurality of superconducting armature coils 15 are placed along the circumferential direction, and a rotor 18 provided rotatably around a central axis line in a state opposing the stator 14 with a predetermined gap interposed, wherein the rotor 18 is configured of a complex consisting of a cylindrical electrically conductive material layer 22 disposed on a side opposing the stator 14, and a magnetic material layer 23 disposed on an opposite side to the side opposing the stator 14 of the electrically conductive material layer 22, and wherein the superconducting induction rotating machine 1 rotationally drives the rotor by generating a rotational torque in the rotor 18 with a rotating magnetic field created by the armature coils 25 while the superconducting armature coils 15 disposed on the stator 14 being cooled to a superconducting state.

Electrical, mechanical, computing, and/or other devices that include components formed of extremely low resistance (ELR) materials, including, but not limited to, modified ELR materials, layered ELR materials, and new ELR materials, are described.