A board a motor driver control circuit, a first connector, a first wire, a second wire, a third wire, a fourth wire, a fifth wire, and a sixth wire. The motor driver control circuit includes a first H-bridge and a second H-bridge. The first connector is a connector to which an output from the first H-bridge and an output from the second H-bridge are input. The first wire and the second wire input the output from the first H-bridge to the first connector. The third wire and the fourth wire input the output from the second H-bridge to the first connector. The fifth wire is connected to the first wire and outputs the first H-bridge output to another connector. The sixth wire is connected to the second wire and outputs the first H-bridge output to the other connector.

An apparatus, system, and method for connecting an auxiliary device to a model vehicle are provided. The apparatus includes an accessory port connected to an electronic speed controller and an accessory connector connected to the auxiliary device. The system further includes a battery and accessory port connected to an electronic speed controller. An accessory connector connected to the auxiliary device is designed to connect to the accessory port. The electronic speed controller provides control to the auxiliary device. The method includes providing an electronic speed controller connected to an accessory port and connecting an accessory connector to the accessory port. The accessory connector is further connected to the auxiliary device. The method further includes attaching the auxiliary device to the model vehicle and controlling the auxiliary device via the electronic speed controller.

An operation controlling apparatus of a reciprocating compressor includes: a detector configured to detect a torque output by a motor of the reciprocating compressor, a rotation speed of the motor, a counter electromotive voltage of the motor, and a current applied to the motor; a controller configured to determine a mode switching time point for switching an operation mode of the reciprocating compressor based on the torque, the rotation speed, the counter electromotive voltage, and the current of the motor, and output a control signal for changing a wire ratio of the motor corresponding to the operation mode; and a driver configured to change the wire ratio of the motor based on the control signal and operate the reciprocating compressor in the operation mode among at least two operation modes.

An operation controlling apparatus of a reciprocating compressor includes: a detector configured to detect a torque output by a motor of the reciprocating compressor, a rotation speed of the motor, a counter electromotive voltage of the motor, and a current applied to the motor; a controller configured to determine a mode switching time point for switching an operation mode of the reciprocating compressor based on the torque, the rotation speed, the counter electromotive voltage, and the current of the motor, and output a control signal for changing a wire ratio of the motor corresponding to the operation mode; and a driver configured to change the wire ratio of the motor based on the control signal and operate the reciprocating compressor in the operation mode among at least two operation modes.

A rotating electric machine control device has an electronic control unit, or an ECU that controls driving of a motor having motor windings, and includes mutually-communicable plural control units. The control unit includes a basic instruction calculation unit, a field-weakening calculation unit, and a current control calculation unit and a PWM (pulse width modulation) output unit. The current control calculation unit and the PWM output unit generate a PWM signal based on d-axis current instruction values and q-axis current instruction values that are calculated based on basic current instruction values and field-weakening d-axis current instruction value. At least a part of the instruction values used for generation of the PWM signal is shared by the plural control units.

A method for determining the rotational speed and the angle of rotation of a motor shaft of a mechanically commutated DC motor from the measured progression of time of the ripple in the motor current and in the motor terminal voltage occurring during the commutation. A motor state model of the DC motor, to which the measured motor terminal voltage and the measured motor current, an estimated load torque, an estimated rotational speed and an estimated angle of rotation of the DC motor are supplied to a Kalman filter as input variables. By running the motor state model, the Kalman filter provides an estimated current, an adjusted rotational speed and an adjusted angle of rotation of the DC motor as output variables. From the ripple in the measured motor current and the rotational speed, adjusted by the Kalman filter, a ripple detection unit determines the commutation times and, from the latter, derives an estimated rotational speed and an estimated angle of rotation of the DC motor and provides same to the Kalman filter as the input variables.

Disclosed is an apparatus for detecting rotation of a motor, including a first switching device and a second switching device that are connected to a power supply, a third switching device and a fourth switching device that are connected to a ground, a motor connected between a first node to which the first switching device and the third switching device are connected and a second node to which the second switching device and the fourth switching device are connected, a first resistor device and a second resistor device that are disposed between the third switching device and the ground and between the fourth switching device and the ground, respectively, and a controller configured to derive a rotation amount of the motor through integration of current flowing in the first resistor device or the second resistor device by counter-electromotive force generated when the motor brakes.

A multi-phase electric motor includes a stator winding. The multi-phase electric motor is controlled by regulating a current flowing in the multi-phase electric motor in response to an applied voltage. An overload condition of the multi-phase electric motor is detected by monitoring a thermal increase of the value of a stator resistance of the stator winding of the multi-phase electric motor during a steady state condition of said multi-phase electric motor in which the current flowing in the motor has constant phase, and the motor is operating at constant load with constant speed.

A rotation direction detecting device has a current detector detecting the direction of current flowing through a motor, a voltage detector detecting voltages before and after the motor in a power supply line, and a rotation direction detector detecting the rotation direction of the motor based on the direction of the current and the voltages before and after the motor. The current detector is connected to points A, B before and after a shunt resistor, and detects the direction of the current flowing in the power supply line to form current direction information. The voltage detector is connected to points A, C before and after the motor, and detects the voltage at each position to form motor terminal voltage information. The rotation direction detector detects the rotation direction of the motor using a logical combination of the current direction information and the motor terminal voltage information.

A system according to the present disclosure includes a motor driver module and a motor position determination module. The motor driver module is configured to measure current supplied to a motor. The motor position determination module is configured to determine a first position of the motor at a first time when power supply to the motor is initially discontinued based on ripples in the current supplied to the motor during a first period before the first time. The motor position determination module is configured to determine a second position of the motor at a second time when the motor stops rotating after power supply to the motor is discontinued based on the first position of the motor and a rotational speed of the motor at the first time.