What is described is a high-frequency integrated circuit provided on a III-V compound semiconductor, wherein an emitting device is radiation-coupled with the integrated circuit such that the emitting device irradiates the integrated circuit, and wherein the integrated circuit has at least one of an oscillator, a mixer, a phase shifter, a frequency divider or an amplifier.

What is described is a high-frequency integrated circuit provided on a III-V compound semiconductor, wherein an emitting device is radiation-coupled with the integrated circuit such that the emitting device irradiates the integrated circuit, and wherein the integrated circuit has at least one of an oscillator, a mixer, a phase shifter, a frequency divider or an amplifier.

Apparatuses and methods for phase interpolators are provided. An example apparatus comprises a phase interpolator and a controller coupled to the phase interpolator. The controller is configured to provide a digital timing code to the phase interpolator, and the phase interpolator is configured to apply a correction to the received digital timing code based, at least in part, on phase interpolator error correction data from a data structure containing phase interpolator error correction data.

Apparatuses and methods for phase interpolators are provided. An example apparatus comprises a phase interpolator and a controller coupled to the phase interpolator. The controller is configured to provide a digital timing code to the phase interpolator, and the phase interpolator is configured to apply a correction to the received digital timing code based, at least in part, on phase interpolator error correction data from a data structure containing phase interpolator error correction data.

A sine to square wave converter circuit receives a sine wave signal and supplies a first square wave signal having a first frequency. A 2 clock multiplier circuit multiplies the first square wave signal and supplies a second square wave signal with a second frequency that is twice the first frequency. A first storage element that is clocked by the second square wave signal stores a delayed version of the first square wave signal and supplies an even-odd signal. A second storage element that is clocked by the second square wave signal receives the even-odd signal and supplies an odd-even signal. A duty cycle correction circuit adjusts the threshold of the sine to square wave converter based on a difference in duty pulse widths between the even-odd signal and the odd-even signal.

A sine to square wave converter circuit receives a sine wave signal and supplies a first square wave signal having a first frequency. A 2 clock multiplier circuit multiplies the first square wave signal and supplies a second square wave signal with a second frequency that is twice the first frequency. A first storage element that is clocked by the second square wave signal stores a delayed version of the first square wave signal and supplies an even-odd signal. A second storage element that is clocked by the second square wave signal receives the even-odd signal and supplies an odd-even signal. A duty cycle correction circuit adjusts the threshold of the sine to square wave converter based on a difference in duty pulse widths between the even-odd signal and the odd-even signal.

According to one embodiment, an electronic circuit includes a first conductive component, a second conductive component, a first current path, and a second current path. The second conductive component is capacitively coupled to the first conductive component. The first current path of a superconductor includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is connected to the first conductive component. The second portion is connected to the second conductive component. The first current path includes N first Josephson junctions connected in series and provided between the first and second portions. The second current path of a superconductor includes a third portion and a fourth portion. The third portion is connected to the first conductive component. The fourth portion is connected to the second conductive component. The second current path includes a second Josephson junction connected in series and provided between the third and fourth portions.

According to one embodiment, an electronic circuit includes a first conductive component, a second conductive component, a first current path, and a second current path. The second conductive component is capacitively coupled to the first conductive component. The first current path of a superconductor includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is connected to the first conductive component. The second portion is connected to the second conductive component. The first current path includes N first Josephson junctions connected in series and provided between the first and second portions. The second current path of a superconductor includes a third portion and a fourth portion. The third portion is connected to the first conductive component. The fourth portion is connected to the second conductive component. The second current path includes a second Josephson junction connected in series and provided between the third and fourth portions.

The structure of a frequency synthesizer for acoustic waves includes an input narrow band transducer in its input arm for receiving an input electric signal at an input frequency, a wide band transducer in its output arm for supplying an output signal; and a perforated region formed of a two dimensional array of cavities disposed between the first and second arms. The first arm contains multiple metal fingers, disposed perpendicular to the first arm and spaced apart from one another at a distance of the wavelength of the input signal to ensure acoustic excitation in the first arm at the input frequency. The second arm contains a single finger to accommodate a non-linear output signal oscillating at a harmonic of the first frequency. The frequency synthesizer can be patterned in aluminum nitride (AlN) in a silicon substrate.

A frequency sensor is provided. The frequency sensor may include: a magnetoresistive nano-oscillator including a magnetic heterostructure of at least a magnetic free layer, a magnetic reference layer and a non-magnetic intermediate layer arranged between the magnetic free layer and the magnetic reference layer; a coupling arrangement for coupling an incoming signal to at least one magnetic mode of the magnetic free layer, and a frequency estimator. The frequency estimator may be configured to: perform a plurality of voltage measurements across the magnetoresistive nano-oscillator over time; calculate a time averaged voltage across the magnetoresistive nano-oscillator based on the plurality of voltage measurements; estimate, over a finite range of frequencies, a frequency of the incoming signal based on the calculated time averaged voltage, and output a signal representative of the estimated frequency. A method of estimating a frequency of an incoming signal is also provided.