According to some embodiments, a method use in a wireless transmitter of a wireless communication network comprises encoding information bits using a parity check matrix (PCM) and transmitting the encoded information bits to a wireless receiver. The parity check matrix (PCM) is optimized according to two or more approximate cycle extrinsic message degree (ACE) constraints. In some embodiments, a that portion of the PCM is optimized according to a first ACE constraint and a second portion of PCM is optimized according to a second ACE constraint.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to methods and apparatus for segmenting uplink control information prior for encoding using a polar code prior to transmission. An exemplary method that may be performed by a wireless device generally includes iteratively segmenting a group of K information bits into a plurality of segments, encoding the information bits of each of the plurality of segments using a polar code to generate a plurality of encoded segments, and transmitting the plurality of encoded segments.

A data processing system includes a storage medium, and a controller including a data processing block, configured to receive data from a host, transmit the received data to the storage medium, read data from the storage medium in response to a read request from the host, and decode the read data by the data processing block according to multiple decoding modes. The data processing block includes a first decoder and a second decoder, and is configured to manage the first decoder and the second decoder to run the decoding for the read data, and activate a fast decoding having shorter latency than a normal decoding after a fast decoding condition is satisfied.

Provided herein may be an error correction decoder, an error correction circuit having the error correction decoder, and a method of operating the error correction decoder. The error correction decoder may include a calculator configured to output an error correction message by performing an iterative decoding operation on a first codeword, a syndrome generator configured to generate a syndrome by calculating the error correction message and a parity check matrix and to output a number of iterations representing the number of times the iterative decoding operation has been performed, and an unsatisfied check node (UCN) value representing the number of unsatisfied check nodes in the syndrome, and a speed selector configured to output a speed code for controlling a speed of the iterative decoding operation depending on the number of iterations and the UCN value.

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for interleaving coded bits. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may generate a plurality of polar encoded bits using polar encoding. The WTRU may divide the plurality of polar encoded bits into sub-blocks of equal size in a sequential manner. The WTRU may apply sub-block wise interleaving to the sub-blocks using an interleaver pattern. The sub-blocks associated with a subset of the sub-blocks may be interleaved, and sub-blocks associated with another subset of the sub-blocks may not be interleaved. The sub-block wise interleaving may include applying interleaving across the sub-blocks without interleaving bits associated with each of the sub-blocks. The WTRU may concatenate bits from each of the interleaved sub-blocks to generate interleaved bits, and store the interleaved bits associated with the interleaved sub-blocks in a circular buffer. The WTRU may select a plurality of bits for transmission from the interleaved bits.

Method for sending first data as quantum information in qubits (Iφ>) and classical second data (S.sub.i) over a quantum channel (12; 12a; 12b), in particular in quantum information communication systems (10; 10a; 10b), which includes applying QECC encoding (111) to said qubits ((Iφ>) obtaining quantum information codewords (Iψ>), wherein said method (200; 300) includes applying (210) intentional errors (P.sub.i) with error syndromes (S.sub.i) representing said second classical data to said quantum information code-words ((Iψ>) obtaining quantum information codewords with intentional errors (P.sub.1) applied upon (P.sub.iIψ.sub.i>), and transmitting (220) from a transmitting side (11; 11a; 11b) said quantum information codewords with intentional errors applied upon (P.sub.iIψ.sub.i>) over said quantum channel (12; 12a) which outputs received codewords (P.sub.iIψ.sub.i>;E.sub.iP.sub.iIψ.sub.i>) at a receiving side (13; 13b), computing (230; 330) error syndromes (S.sub.i,R.sub.i) from said received codewords (P.sub.iIψ.sub.i>;E.sub.iP.sub.iIψ.sub.i>), performing a QECC error correction operation (250; 350) on said received codewords (P.sub.iIψ.sub.i>;E.sub.iP.sub.iIψ.sub.i>) by applying a correction operator (P.sub.i.sup.+; P.sub.i.sup.+E.sub.i.sup.+) obtained at least by said computed syndromes (S.sub.i; R.sub.i) to obtain corrected codewords (Iψ.sub.i>), outputting (260; 360) said corrected codewords (Iψ.sub.i>) and said computed syndromes (S.sub.i).

A device is configured for encoding an input sequence comprising message bits into a codeword using a polar code. The device is configured to sequentially encode each of a plurality of blocks of the input sequence by applying a sliding window to the input sequence, wherein each block of the input sequence is encoded based on an XOR operation of the block and a previous block of the input sequence to obtain a codeword block of the codeword, and sequentially output each obtained codeword block of the codeword.

An apparatus for data storage includes an interface and a processor. The interface is configured to communicate with a memory device that includes (i) a plurality of memory cells and (ii) a data compression module. The processor is configured to determine a maximal number of errors that are required to be corrected by applying a soft decoding scheme to data retrieved from the memory cells, and based on the maximal number of errors, to determine an interval between multiple read thresholds for reading Code Words (CWs) stored in the memory cells for processing by the soft decoding scheme, so as to meet following conditions: (i) the soft decoding scheme achieves a specified decoding capability requirement, and (ii) a compression rate of the compression module when applied to confidence levels corresponding to readouts of the CWs, achieves a specified readout throughput requirement.

Disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention are a polar code encoding method and device, the method comprising: utilizing a common information bit set to represent each of m polar code blocks, the polar codes in each polar code block having the same code length and different code rates, and m being greater than or equal to 2; according to the common information bit set corresponding to the polar code block, acquiring an information bit set corresponding to each polar code in the polar code block; and according to the information bit set corresponding to each polar code in the polar code block, conducting polar code encoding on information to be encoded, thus reducing polar code representation overhead, and solving the problem in the prior art of excessively high polar code representation overhead.

The present technology relates to a data processing device and a data processing method, which are capable of securing excellent communication quality in data transmission using an LDPC code. In group-wise interleave, an LDPC code in which a code length N is 16200 bits and an encoding rate r is 10/15 or 12/15 is interleaved in units of bit groups of 360 bits. In group-wise deinterleave, a sequence of the LDPC code that has undergone the group-wise interleave is restored to an original sequence. For example, the present technology can be applied to a technique of performing data transmission using an LDPC code.