Devices included in a wireless neural interface system are disclosed. According to an embodiment, an internal device of a wireless neural interface system that performs communication through a human body channel may include: bio-electrodes including a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode, and a fourth electrode that are attached inside a human body; an oversampling converter configured to detect a biosignal on the basis of the first electrode and the second electrode, and output an oversampling signal by oversampling the biosignal; a wireless signal transmitter configured to encode the oversampling signal on the basis of a human body channel characteristic, and transmit the encoded oversampling signal to an external device, which is connected with the internal device through the human channel, through the third electrode; and a wireless power receiver configured to supply power to the oversampling converter and the wireless signal transmitter in response to a power signal received from the external device through the fourth electrode.

An aquatic environment audio system for communication of wireless audio signals between a smartwatch and headphones worn by a user includes one or more wireless repeaters. Each of the one or more wireless repeaters includes a waterproof housing, an attachment mechanism for attaching the waterproof housing to the user between the smartwatch and the headphones. Each of the one or more wireless repeaters further includes a first antenna for receiving wireless signals from the smartwatch, repeater circuitry coupled with the first antenna for processing the wireless signals received from the smartwatch, and a second antenna coupled with the wireless repeater circuitry for transmitting the processed wireless signals to the headphones. One or more of the first antenna, repeater circuitry, and second antenna are contained in the waterproof housing.

An aquatic environment audio system for communication of wireless audio signals between a smartwatch and headphones worn by a user includes one or more wireless repeaters. Each of the one or more wireless repeaters includes a waterproof housing, an attachment mechanism for attaching the waterproof housing to the user between the smartwatch and the headphones. Each of the one or more wireless repeaters further includes a first antenna for receiving wireless signals from the smartwatch, repeater circuitry coupled with the first antenna for processing the wireless signals received from the smartwatch, and a second antenna coupled with the wireless repeater circuitry for transmitting the processed wireless signals to the headphones. One or more of the first antenna, repeater circuitry, and second antenna are contained in the waterproof housing.

The present disclosure relates to an electronic device and a radio frequency (RF) communication connection method for the electronic device. A method of connecting an electronic device to an external device includes searching for at least one external device connectable with an electronic device within a preset communication range by using first short-range communication, determining an operation period of a second short-range communication module for performing second short-range communication with the at least one external device, based on a search result with respect to the at least one external device, activating the second short-range communication module according to the determined operation period and detecting a contact of a user of the electronic device with respect to an external device among the at least one external device by using the activated second short-range communication module, and receiving address information of the external device by performing second short-range communication with the external device, upon detecting the contact of the user.

A human body communication device includes an electrode, a matching circuit, a switch providing a first path electrically connected to the matching circuit and a second path electrically connected to the matching circuit, a sensor, in a first state, connected to the matching circuit through the switch, outputting a first sensing signal to the matching circuit, and outputting a second sensing signal when a difference between a signal generated from the matching circuit in response to the first sensing signal and the first sensing signal is greater than or equal to a threshold, a transmitter, in a second state, connected to the matching circuit through the switch, and outputting a data signal to the matching circuit, and a controller controlling the switch from the first state to the second state in response to receiving the second sensing signal from the sensor, in the first state.

According to the present invention there is provided a receiver device comprising, a first electrode (3) which can capacitive couple to an electrode of a transmitter device; a second electrode (5) which can capacitive couple to said electrode of said transmitter device; an energy harvesting circuit (7), which comprises a first capacitor (9), wherein said first electrode (3) is electrically connected to the energy harvesting circuit (7) so that energy from a signal which was transmitted from the electrode of the transmitter device and received at the first electrode (3), can be used to increase voltage across the first capacitor (9); and a comparator (15), wherein the first capacitor (9) is electrically connected to a positive supply input terminal (15c) of the comparator (15) so that voltage across the first capacitor (9) can be used to power the comparator (15); a demodulator circuit (11) wherein said second electrode (5) is electrically connected to the demodulator circuit (11); a first filter circuit (17), which comprises a second capacitor (32), which is electrically connected to an output (11b) of the demodulator circuit (11), so that energy from a signal which was transmitted from the electrode of the transmitter device and received at the second electrode (5) can be use to increase voltage across the second capacitor (32); wherein an output (11b) of the demodulator circuit (11) is electrically connected to a second input terminal (15b) of the comparator (15); and wherein the second capacitor (32) is electrically connected to a first input terminal (15a) of the comparator (15) so that the voltage across the second capacitor (32) defines a reference voltage at the first input terminal (15a) of the comparator 15; a second filter circuit (47) for filtering signals provided at an output terminal (15e) of the comparator (15). There is further provided an assembly which includes said receiver device, and a method of communication between a transmitter and the receiving device.

An on/in-body communication system (10) is described that may include a peripheral, (such as, for example portable, unit (12)) and body-mountable unit (20). The peripheral unit and body-mountable unit may communicate via body-coupled acoustic signals. This may facilitate secure transmission of a secure key from the peripheral unit to the body-mountable unit. The body-mountable unit may include an array (28) of acoustic sensor elements (30) disposed at a body-coupling surface (32) of the body-mountable unit for receiving a transmitted acoustic signals, the array formation facilitating multi- or omni-directional sensing. A key may be transferred in an initialization procedure which may include establishing communications with an external device (42) via an off-body communication medium, acquiring from the external device a secure key, and/or driving acoustic transmission of the secure key to the body-mountable device via an acoustic signal generator (14).

A target authentication device includes an electrode to detect an electrical signal associated with a user of the device. The electrical signal represents an authentication code for the device. An authentication receiver module is coupled to the electrode. The module receives the electrical signal from the electrode and determines whether the electrical signal matches a predetermined criterion to authenticate the identity of the user based on the electrical signal. An authentication module is also disclosed. The authentication module includes one electrode to couple an electrical signal associated with a user to a user of a target authentication device, the electrical signal represents an authentication code for the device. An authentication transmission module is coupled to the electrode. The authentication transmission module transmits the electrical signal from the electrode. A method of authenticating the identity of a user of a target authentication device also is disclosed.

A method includes receiving an input via a processor of the computing device. The input corresponds to data to be transmitted. The method further includes encoding the data to generate spreading codes corresponding at least in part to the data. The method further includes mapping the spreading codes to one or more frequency subcarriers of a plurality of frequency subcarriers, generating a transmit signal based at least in part on the one or more frequency subcarriers, and transmitting the transmit signal via an electrode capacitively coupled to a physical body. The transmit signal is transmitted from the electrode through the physical body.

A communication device that includes an antenna including a first electrode and a second electrode, at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode including a plurality of segmented electrodes. The communication device further includes a communication circuit, coupled to the antenna, that performs a transmission operation and a reception operation of transmission data between a device and the communication circuit based on a communication protocol that includes a plurality of communication stages. The communication device further includes a switch that switches whether or not each of the plurality of segmented electrodes is to be coupled to the communication circuit and a controller that changes an effective electrode area of at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode by the switch, based on at least one of the operations of the communication circuit, a type of the transmission data, or the communication stages.