A molecular communication system includes a plurality of molecular transmission nanomachines randomly located in a first space, a molecular reception nanomachine and a molecular transmission channel. The molecular reception nanomachine is located in the first space, and receives at least one information molecule representing first data from an l-th molecular transmission nanomachine to obtain the first data based on the at least one information molecule. The l-th molecular transmission nanomachine is l-th nearest to the molecular reception nanomachine. The molecular transmission channel provides a transmission path for the at least one information molecule moving in the first space based on an anomalous diffusion process. The plurality of molecular transmission nanomachines are scattered in the first space according to a stationary Cox process. A process of transmitting the at least one information molecule from the l-th molecular transmission nanomachine to the molecular reception nanomachine is modeled based on a stochastic nanonetwork.

In an arrangement for transmitting power or data through a solid rigid substrate without penetrating the substrate, acoustic transducer components are mounted on the substrate by means of strain isolator elements which are welded or otherwise bonded to the substrate and providing an attachment surface to which the attachment interface of the acoustic transducer may be attached. The strain isolator element is of the same or similar acoustic impedance as the rigid substrate and may indeed be formed of the same material. Various geometries of strain isolator are disclosed, including a plain spacer block, and one comprising a stalk attached to the solid rigid substrate and topped by a disc in a ‘mushroom’ configuration.

In an arrangement for transmitting power or data through a solid rigid substrate without penetrating the substrate, acoustic transducer components are mounted on the substrate by means of strain isolator elements which are welded or otherwise bonded to the substrate and providing an attachment surface to which the attachment interface of the acoustic transducer may be attached. The strain isolator element is of the same or similar acoustic impedance as the rigid substrate and may indeed be formed of the same material. Various geometries of strain isolator are disclosed, including a plain spacer block, and one comprising a stalk attached to the solid rigid substrate and topped by a disc in a ‘mushroom’ configuration.

A method, device and system for collecting writing pattern using Body Area Network, BAN, wherein the BAN comprises at least one BAN enabled writing device, e.g. a pen and at least one wearable BAN enabled communication device, e.g. a wristlet, worn by a user, wherein a BAN link is established through the body of the user between the writing device and the communication device, when the user touches the writing device, the writing pattern is created and collected by using the writing device and streamed from the writing device to the wearable device by using the established BAN link.

According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus for a wearable terminal device including circuitry configured for performing the following. The apparatus receives, via a bone conduction sensor, a bone conduction signal and, via at least one microphone over the air, an audio signal. The bone conduction signal and the audio signal are, at least in part, substantially concurrently recorded signals. The apparatus calculates a value of a similarity metric for evaluating an extent of similarity between the bone conduction and audio signals. In response to the value exceeding a pre-defined threshold, the apparatus causes performing one or more actions including executing, in response to detecting a voice command, the voice command and/or modifying, if the audio signal is received via a plurality of microphones over the air, one or more audio focusing parameters of the plurality of microphones for increasing the value of the similarity metric.

[Object] To provide a communication device, a communication method, and a communication system, which can reduce the burden of the user, while maintaining convenience of the user at the time of communication establishment. [Solution] A communication device includes a communication unit that communicates with a first communication device or a second communication device by using human body communication, with regard to setting information for establishing communication between the first communication device and the second communication device. A communication device includes a communication unit that communicates with a third communication device by using human body communication with regard to setting information for establishing communication with a second communication device, and establishes communication with the second communication device based on the setting information. A communication device includes a communication unit that communicates with a third communication device by using human body communication with regard to setting information for establishing communication with a first communication device, and establishes communication with the first communication device based on the setting information.

A ship IoT wireless communication system using metal surface waves is proposed. The ship IoT wireless communication system may include a first access point installed in a first compartment among a plurality of compartments formed in a ship, and a second access point installed in a second compartment among the plurality of compartments. Each of the first access point and the second access point may perform surface wave communication with each other to form a communication network inside the ship. Each of the first and second access points may include a surface wave generator configured to transmit and receive a surface wave through at least one of a floor, a ceiling, or a bulkhead of each of the plurality of compartments.

A ship IoT wireless communication system using metal surface waves is proposed. The ship IoT wireless communication system may include a first access point installed in a first compartment among a plurality of compartments formed in a ship, and a second access point installed in a second compartment among the plurality of compartments. Each of the first access point and the second access point may perform surface wave communication with each other to form a communication network inside the ship. Each of the first and second access points may include a surface wave generator configured to transmit and receive a surface wave through at least one of a floor, a ceiling, or a bulkhead of each of the plurality of compartments.

A wearable device comprising a transmitter coil having variable transmission resistance, a first transmission impedance, and a second transmission impedance; an implanted device, comprising a receiver coil having a variable reception resistance, a first reception impedance, and a second reception impedance; wherein the transmitter coil can wirelessly transmit information over a variable frequency to the receiver coil when the variable resistance of the transmitter coil is tuned to the variable resistance of the receiver coil, the transmitter coil is configured to the first transmission impedance, and the receiver coil is configured to the first reception impedance; wherein the transmitter coil can wirelessly transmit power to the receiver coil when the transmitter coil is configured to the second transmission impedance and the receiver coil is configured to the second reception impedance; and wherein the transmitter coil can wirelessly transmit to the receiver coil of the implanted device using a magnetoquasistatic field.

Various embodiments are described herein for a device, system, and method for identifying a location of an ingestible device within a gastrointestinal tract of a body. In some embodiments, the ingestible device includes a sensing unit with an axial optical sensing sub-unit located proximal to at least one end of the device, and a radial optical sensing sub-unit located proximal to a radial wall of the device, and may autonomously identify a location within the gastrointestinal tract. In some embodiments, the ingestible device includes optical illumination sources and detectors that operate at a plurality of different wavelengths, and may discern regions of a gastrointestinal tract by using the reflection properties of organ tissue and occasional particulates. In some embodiments, the ingestible device may sample fluid or release medicament based on a detected device location.