According to an aspect of the present disclosure there is provided a communication device comprising circuitry configured to modulate a four-dimensional input signal by combining the four real-valued signal components of the input signal into a transformed signal and multiplying the transformed signal by carrier signals using two different carrier frequencies to obtain a transmit signal, and transmit the transmit signal.

We disclose a shaping encoder configured to use a variable-length shaping code to implement fixed-input fixed-output (FIFO) probabilistic signal shaping. In various embodiments, the variable-length shaping code can be a variable-input fixed-output code, a fixed-input variable-output code, or a variable-input variable-output code. The FIFO functionality of the shaping encoder is enabled by a control circuit that operates to: (i) check an output-overflow condition for each bit-word to be encoded using the variable-length shaping code and (ii) switch the shaping encoder from using the variable-length shaping code to using a suitable FIFO code if the output-overflow condition is satisfied. Some embodiments of the shaping encoder can incorporate a conventional FEC encoder in a manner that substantially preserves the shaping gain realized by the shaping encoder.

Methods and apparatuses are provided to modify existing overlay system architectures in a cost effective manner to meet the growing demand for narrowcast services and to position the existing overlay systems for additional future modifications. The implementations of the improved overlay system of this disclosure re-digitize narrowcast analog signals after they have been QAM modulated and upconverted to RF frequencies and replace the analog narrowcast transmitters with digital narrowcast transmitters. In the fiber nodes, the received narrowcast signals are converted back to analog signals and combined with analog broadcast signals for transmission to the service groups.

Physical-layer information is conveyed within a packetized communication network via a timing-modulated side channel to yield low-latency physical interface control without consuming host-layer signaling bandwidth. Multi-modal transceivers at opposite ends of a signaling link optionally communicate to confirm mutual support and signaling headroom for timing-modulated information exchange before transitioning from an in-band feedback mode to a side-channel feedback mode.

Techniques for delivering data or information to a vehicle include a method of distributing information to a vehicle. Information corresponding to the vehicle is first received while the vehicle is en route between an origination point and a destination from a computing device that is not being transported by the vehicle. A first computing device or a second computing device determines a destination port at which the vehicle is to arrive, the destination port included in a plurality of ports at which vehicles arrive and from which vehicles depart. The first computing devices causes data to be routed to a third computing device communicatively connected to the first computing device, the third computing device corresponding to the destination port, and at least one of the data or the third party computing device determined based on the information received at the first computing device.

Circuits and devices related to compensated power detectors. In some embodiments, a power amplifier can include an amplification stage configured to receive a signal at an input and provide an amplified signal at an output, and a detector coupled to the output of the amplification stage and configured to generate a slow-varying or direct-current signal as an input signal representative of power associated with the amplified signal. The detector can be further configured to generate an output signal based on the input signal and a compensation signal resulting from a combination of a first current representative of the input signal and a second current representative of an operating condition associated with the power amplifier.

The present invention is directed to data communication system and methods. More specifically, various embodiments of the present invention provide a communication interface that is configured to transfer data at high bandwidth using nDSQ format(s) over optical communication networks. In certain embodiments, the communication interface is used by various devices, such as spine switches and leaf switches, within a spine-leaf network architecture, which allows large amount of data to be shared among servers.

A marine air gun generates an acoustic signal in water, for example, during a marine seismic survey. The marine air gun includes digital electronic circuitry. The digital electronic circuitry may control an actuator of the marine air gun, digitize and store data from sensors located on or near the marine air gun, send and/or receive digital communications, store and/or output electrical energy, and/or perform other functions. A marine seismic source system that includes multiple air gun clusters may have a separate digital communication link between a command center and each air gun cluster. Each communication link may provide power and digital communication between the command center and one of the air gun clusters.

Drag experienced by a vehicle traveling through an environmental media, such as air or water, may be modified by one or more energy beams which may increase or decrease drag. A control system may be used to actively modulate the drag of the vehicle by selectively transmitting energy beams. Energy beams may include electric pulse signals, pulsed air, piezoelectric, infrared, ultraviolet, laser, optical band, microwave, thermal other known acoustic, electric, optical, or other electromagnetic energy and any combination thereof. This could be a constant or pulsed energy beam and adjusted for the speed and/or vertical lift, frequency, density, angle, pulse and wavelengths experienced by the vehicle. Charged particles may be emitted from the vehicle itself and then utilized in front or behind the vehicle via electric current to improve the boundary layer, boundary flow.

A technology related to a transmission device of an amplitude modulation method is disclosed. In the amplitude modulation transmission device, a transmission data signal transformed into a sinusoidal wave transition form is input to a signal input stage of a cascode power amplifier, and a transmission data signal transformed into another sinusoidal wave transition form is input to a bias power stage of the cascode power amplifier. The transmission data signal transformed into the sinusoidal wave transition form has a sinusoidal wave form in a section in which input data transitions and maintain its previous value in a section in which the input data is maintained.