One disclosure of the present specification provides a method for operating a HARQ from user equipment (UE). The method comprises the steps of: the UE receiving downlink data from each cell, when at least one TDD-based cell and at least one FDD based cell are established according to carrier aggregation (CA), a specific TDD-based cell is established as a primary cell of the carrier aggregation (CA), and the at least one FDD-based cell is established as a secondary cell of the carrier aggregation (CA); the UE confirming a PUCCH format to be used for transmitting a HARQ ACK/NACK for the downlink data; and the UE determining the number of bits for transmitting the HARQ ACK/NACK when use of the specific PUCCH format for transmitting the HARQ ACK/NACK is confirmed.

Methods of operating an electronic device are provided. A method of operating a first electronic device includes listening for a wireless transmission by a second electronic device on a wireless communications channel. The method includes determining whether a packet is a particular type of packet. The method includes assigning a randomized time delay value that defines a randomized delay period, in response to determining that the packet is the particular type of packet. The method includes beginning the randomized delay period in response to determining that the wireless communications channel is clear. Moreover, the method includes transmitting the packet via the wireless communications channel based on expiration of the randomized delay period. Related electronic devices and computer program products are also provided.

A data transmission apparatus, applicable to a UE, the apparatus includes a receiver configured to receive configuration information about data radio bearers (DRBs), the configuration information indicating TTI length to which each DRBs for the UE corresponds, the DRBs being configured by radio resource control (RRC), and receive one or more uplink grant, each of the uplink grants of the one or more uplink grants corresponding to a TTI length different from another TTI length of another uplink grant, a transmitted configured to transmit data using an uplink shared channel corresponding to each TTI length according to an uplink grant in the one or more uplink grants.

A distributed base station radio system includes a first radio head configured to: communicate first analog radio frequency signals in a first radio frequency band with a first subscriber unit; convert between the first analog radio frequency signals in the first radio frequency band and a first digital broadband signal through at least one of frequency conversion and analog to digital conversion; a first broadband to channelized conversion unit communicatively coupled to the first radio head and configured to communicate the first digital broadband signal with the first broadband to channelized conversion unit; wherein the first broadband to channelized conversion unit is further configured to: communicate the first digital broadband signal; convert between the first digital broadband signal and first digital channelized data for the first radio frequency band; and communicate the first digital channelized data for the first radio frequency band with a first channelized radio frequency interface.

A distributed base station radio system includes a first radio head configured to: communicate first analog radio frequency signals in a first radio frequency band with a first subscriber unit; convert between the first analog radio frequency signals in the first radio frequency band and a first digital broadband signal through at least one of frequency conversion and analog to digital conversion; a first broadband to channelized conversion unit communicatively coupled to the first radio head and configured to communicate the first digital broadband signal with the first broadband to channelized conversion unit; wherein the first broadband to channelized conversion unit is further configured to: communicate the first digital broadband signal; convert between the first digital broadband signal and first digital channelized data for the first radio frequency band; and communicate the first digital channelized data for the first radio frequency band with a first channelized radio frequency interface.

A framer in a transmission device allocates plural optical channel time slots to a plurality of logical prioritized paths. It allocates received client signals to the allocated time slots, and transmits the client signals by a plurality of optical subcarriers that use a plurality of optical wavelengths corresponding to the plurality of time slots. The framer includes: a time slot allocation unit that, in a case where an optical wavelength corresponding to a time slot allocated to a logical path having a high transmission priority is not used, allocates at least one of the plurality of time slots to the logical path having the high transmission priority while the time slot corresponding to the unused optical wavelength is avoided, to change the time slot allocated to the logical path having the high transmission priority.

A framer in a transmission device allocates plural optical channel time slots to a plurality of logical prioritized paths. It allocates received client signals to the allocated time slots, and transmits the client signals by a plurality of optical subcarriers that use a plurality of optical wavelengths corresponding to the plurality of time slots. The framer includes: a time slot allocation unit that, in a case where an optical wavelength corresponding to a time slot allocated to a logical path having a high transmission priority is not used, allocates at least one of the plurality of time slots to the logical path having the high transmission priority while the time slot corresponding to the unused optical wavelength is avoided, to change the time slot allocated to the logical path having the high transmission priority.

A communication apparatus includes a receiver and a decoder. The receiver includes a plurality of antenna elements and, in operation, receives from a base station apparatus a modulated signal mapped to one of a plurality of subframes defined in a frame corresponding to a communicable range to which the communication apparatus belongs. The plurality of subframes are defined by time-division, frequency-division, or time-and-frequency division of the frame. A maximum number of modulated signals that can be simultaneously transmitted in a subframe from the base station apparatus varies depending on the communicable range. The decoder, in operation, decodes the received modulated signal.

A communication apparatus includes a receiver and a decoder. The receiver includes a plurality of antenna elements and, in operation, receives from a base station apparatus a modulated signal mapped to one of a plurality of subframes defined in a frame corresponding to a communicable range to which the communication apparatus belongs. The plurality of subframes are defined by time-division, frequency-division, or time-and-frequency division of the frame. A maximum number of modulated signals that can be simultaneously transmitted in a subframe from the base station apparatus varies depending on the communicable range. The decoder, in operation, decodes the received modulated signal.

The invention relates to a technique for performing a random access procedure over a radio interface, for example between a mobile terminal and a radio base station of a mobile network. A method aspect of the invention comprises the steps of transmitting a synchronization request for synchronization information; receiving synchronization information in response to the synchronization request; and transmitting, based on at least one transmission parameter adjusted in accordance with the synchronization information, a resource request for data transmission resources.