Disclosed is a secure and adaptive waveforms multiplexing system in advanced-level wireless communication systems (such as 5G and beyond systems).

A method and a receiver device are disclosed for channel estimation of a broadcast channel. According to an embodiment, the receiver device determines a first channel estimation of demodulation reference signal (DMRS) from a transmitter device. The receiver device determines a second channel estimation of one or more synchronization related reference signals from the transmitter device. The receiver device determines a final channel estimation of a broadcast channel from the transmitter device based at least on the first and second channel estimations.

This application provides a signal generation method and an apparatus. In the method, a first communication apparatus generates a first signal, and sends the first signal to a second communication apparatus, who receives the first signal, and then demodulates the first signal. A symbol included in the first signal is carried on K+2(M−1) subcarriers. Middle K subcarriers are valid subcarriers, start M−1 subcarriers and last M−1 subcarriers are redundant subcarriers, and a subcarrier spacing between adjacent subcarriers is related to a feature of a time domain pulse used to shape the subcarrier, wherein a width of each of some or all side lobes of a spectrum of the time domain pulse is equal to 1/M of a main lobe width of the time domain pulse, the subcarrier spacing is 1/M of the main lobe width. K is a positive integer, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.

In an embodiment, a method for determining the type of a mobile radio base station is provided. The method may include receiving a synchronization message comprising a mobile radio base station identifier, and determining the type of a mobile radio base station using a previously signaled and stored piece of mobile radio base station type determining information indicating a rule as to how the type of a mobile radio base station out of a plurality of types of a mobile radio base station can be derived from a mobile radio base station identifier and the received mobile radio base station identifier.

A communication system includes remote units to exchange radio frequency (RF) signals with mobile devices, at least some of the RF signals comprising information destined for, or originating from, a mobile device. The communication system also includes a controller comprising one or more modems and connected to an external network, at least one of the modems being a baseband modem and being configured to pass first data corresponding to the information. The controller is separated from the remote units by an intermediate network over which second data corresponding to the information is carried in frames between the controller and the remote units. The second data comprises baseband data, and at least some of the baseband data is compressed in a frequency domain. The remote units and the controller are configured to compress the baseband data for transmission over the intermediate network.

A communication system includes remote units to exchange radio frequency (RF) signals with mobile devices, at least some of the RF signals comprising information destined for, or originating from, a mobile device. The communication system also includes a controller comprising one or more modems and connected to an external network, at least one of the modems being a baseband modem and being configured to pass first data corresponding to the information. The controller is separated from the remote units by an intermediate network over which second data corresponding to the information is carried in frames between the controller and the remote units. The second data comprises baseband data, and at least some of the baseband data is compressed in a frequency domain. The remote units and the controller are configured to compress the baseband data for transmission over the intermediate network.

The present application provides a channel access process method in a wireless local area network. The method includes: generating, by a station, a backoff counter value; then performing, by the station, a backoff operation after receiving a first trigger frame, where the backoff operation includes: deducting, from the backoff counter value, a quantity N of subchannels for random access, to obtain a new backoff counter value; and when the new backoff counter value is 0 or a negative number, randomly selecting, by the station, one subchannel from the subchannels for random access, and then accessing the subchannel to send an uplink frame. The present application further provides a corresponding channel access apparatus. Applying the method and the apparatus of the embodiments of the present application improves system access efficiency and avoids a waste of system resources.

Systems and methods are provided for decentralized rail signaling and positive train control. A decentralized train control system may include a plurality of wayside units, configured for placement on or near tracks in a railway network, and one or more train-mounted units, each configured for use in a train operating in a railway network that support use of the decentralized train control system. Each train-mounted unit may configured to receive communicate with any wayside unit and/or train-mounted unit that comes within range, with the communicating including use of ultra-wideband (UWB) signals, and for generating control information based on the UWB signals, for use in controlling one or more functions associated with operation of the train.

A resynchronization signal (RSS) may extend across multiple physical resource blocks (PRBs) or subframes, which may cause the RRS to be scheduled to overlap with other downlink transmissions. Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described for management of RSS and one or more other transmission types that may have overlapping wireless resources with the RSS. If one or more other downlink transmissions are scheduled for resources that overlap with resources scheduled for an RSS transmission, the UE may receive the RSS transmission or the one or more other downlink transmissions, or a combination thereof, based on a prioritization of the transmission types of the one or more other downlink transmissions relative to RSS. The RSS transmission or the one or more other transmissions may be delayed, dropped, punctured, or rate-matched when the RSS transmission and the one or more other downlink transmissions conflict.

A method includes receiving an input via a processor of the computing device. The input corresponds to data to be transmitted. The method further includes encoding the data to generate spreading codes corresponding at least in part to the data. The method further includes mapping the spreading codes to one or more frequency subcarriers of a plurality of frequency subcarriers, generating a transmit signal based at least in part on the one or more frequency subcarriers, and transmitting the transmit signal via an electrode capacitively coupled to a physical body. The transmit signal is transmitted from the electrode through the physical body.