A resource allocation method is provided for a non-orthogonal multiple access distribution of access network users communicatively coupled to a single transport medium. The method includes steps of allocating a first frequency and time domain resource to a first user and a second frequency and time domain resource to a second user of the access network users, obtaining channel information regarding a particular communication channel of the access network for which resources are allocated, grouping the first user with the second user based on an overlap of the first frequency and time domain resource with the second frequency and time domain resource, and assigning the first user to a different power allocation resource than the second user within the frequency and time domain overlap.

A system and method for assigning users to a particular sub band in a given time slot in a NOMA system, where whichever pair of users corresponds to the smallest “candidate pair user throughput deviation value”, reflecting the aggregate of the respective difference between the average throughput across all users (K) and the known throughput of each of the two users under consideration (k.sub.1k.sub.2), and each user attributed to a sub-band other than the selected sub-band. User pairs for consideration may consider all possible pairs, or may be limited to candidate pairs satisfying together, or comprising one or both users who satisfy a criterion such as channel gain, distance to a target, throughput or a combination of some or all of these factors. The power allocated to each sub-band may be attributed by a waterfilling algorithm.

An apparatus and method for generating a broadcast signal frame corresponding to a time interleaver supporting a plurality of operation modes are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information corresponding to the time interleaver, the preamble includes a field indicating a start position of a first complete FEC block corresponding to each of physical layer pipes.

An apparatus and method for generating a broadcast signal frame corresponding to a time interleaver supporting a plurality of operation modes are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information corresponding to the time interleaver, the preamble includes a field indicating a start position of a first complete FEC block corresponding to each of physical layer pipes.

Techniques for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may be configured with one or multiple transmission and reception points (TRPs). The UE may support sidelink communications, which may be referred to as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications systems, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications systems, and the like. The UE may provide improvements to resource determination for the sidelink communications by determining whether multiple peer UEs can be space-division multiplexed over time and frequency resources. To mitigate interference between the multiple peer UEs, the UE may transmit a power control request message to one or multiple peer UEs to adjust a transmit power level, and a receive a power control response message from the one or multiple peer UEs accepting or rejecting the transmit power level adjustment. As a result, the UE may experience efficient sidelink operations.

Techniques for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may be configured with one or multiple transmission and reception points (TRPs). The UE may support sidelink communications, which may be referred to as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications systems, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications systems, and the like. The UE may provide improvements to resource determination for the sidelink communications by determining whether multiple peer UEs can be space-division multiplexed over time and frequency resources. To mitigate interference between the multiple peer UEs, the UE may transmit a power control request message to one or multiple peer UEs to adjust a transmit power level, and a receive a power control response message from the one or multiple peer UEs accepting or rejecting the transmit power level adjustment. As a result, the UE may experience efficient sidelink operations.

Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving a 4-layer layered-division multiplexing (LDM) signal. An apparatus for transmitting a 4-layer layered-division multiplexing signal includes a layered-division multiplexing modulation unit for generating a 3-layer layered-division multiplexing signal by performing layered-division multiplexing modulation on three layer signals and generating a 4-layer layered-division multiplexing signal by inserting a Pseudo-random Noise (PN) sequence into the 3-layer layered-division multiplexing signal, a pilot insertion unit for inserting a pilot into the 4-layer layered-division multiplexing signal, and a transmission unit for transmitting the 4-layer layered-division multiplexing signal.

Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving a 4-layer layered-division multiplexing (LDM) signal. An apparatus for transmitting a 4-layer layered-division multiplexing signal includes a layered-division multiplexing modulation unit for generating a 3-layer layered-division multiplexing signal by performing layered-division multiplexing modulation on three layer signals and generating a 4-layer layered-division multiplexing signal by inserting a Pseudo-random Noise (PN) sequence into the 3-layer layered-division multiplexing signal, a pilot insertion unit for inserting a pilot into the 4-layer layered-division multiplexing signal, and a transmission unit for transmitting the 4-layer layered-division multiplexing signal.

A network or system in which a hub or primary node may communicate with a plurality of leaf or secondary nodes. The hub node may operate or have a capacity greater than that of the leaf nodes. Accordingly, relatively inexpensive leaf nodes may be deployed to receive data carrying optical signals from, and supply data carrying optical signals to, the hub node. One or more connections may couple each leaf node to the hub node, whereby each connection may include one or more spans or segments of optical fibers, optical amplifiers, optical splitters/combiners, and optical add/drop multiplexer, for example. Optical subcarriers may be transmitted over such connections, each carrying a data stream. The subcarriers may be generated by a combination of a laser and a modulator, such that multiple lasers and modulators are not required, and costs may be reduced. As the bandwidth or capacity requirements of the leaf nodes change, the number of subcarriers, and thus the amount of data provided to each node, may be changed accordingly. Each subcarrier within a dedicated group of subcarriers may carry OAM or control channel information to a corresponding leaf node, and such information may be used by the leaf node to configure the leaf node to have a desired bandwidth or capacity.

A network or system in which a hub or primary node may communicate with a plurality of leaf or secondary nodes. The hub node may operate or have a capacity greater than that of the leaf nodes. Accordingly, relatively inexpensive leaf nodes may be deployed to receive data carrying optical signals from, and supply data carrying optical signals to, the hub node. One or more connections may couple each leaf node to the hub node, whereby each connection may include one or more spans or segments of optical fibers, optical amplifiers, optical splitters/combiners, and optical add/drop multiplexer, for example. Optical subcarriers may be transmitted over such connections, each carrying a data stream. The subcarriers may be generated by a combination of a laser and a modulator, such that multiple lasers and modulators are not required, and costs may be reduced. As the bandwidth or capacity requirements of the leaf nodes change, the number of subcarriers, and thus the amount of data provided to each node, may be changed accordingly. Each subcarrier within a dedicated group of subcarriers may carry OAM or control channel information to a corresponding leaf node, and such information may be used by the leaf node to configure the leaf node to have a desired bandwidth or capacity.