An optical transmission system including an optical transmitter and an optical receiver, wherein the optical transmitter includes a signal coding unit that performs non-linear block coding on an M (M is an integer greater than or equal to 1)-value symbol sequence or a bit sequence input as data information to generate an L (L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, L>M)-value symbol sequence that corresponds to the M-value symbol sequence or the bit sequence in one-to-one correspondence, a digital-to-analog conversion unit that converts the generated L-value symbol sequence to an analog signal, and a modulator that generates an optical modulation signal by performing modulation based on the analog signal, and the optical receiver includes a light receiving unit that receives the optical modulation signal transmitted from the optical transmitter and converts the optical modulation signal to an electrical signal, and a signal decoding unit that restores the M-value symbol sequence or the bit sequence by performing processing that is the reverse of processing performed by the signal coding unit, on the electrical signal.

A signal multiplexing apparatus and method using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. A signal multiplexing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame using the time-interleaved signal and L1 signaling information.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. In some systems, a base station may interrupt a user equipment (UE) during transport block (TB) encoding. The UE may cancel transmission (e.g., suppress processing) of a TB based on the interruption, such that a first subset of code blocks is encoded and a second subset is unencoded. In some cases, the UE may receive a re-transmission request for a code block including cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits for the TB, where the CRC bits are not prepared. In one example, the UE may modify the CRC bits (e.g., set them to a common value, drop them, etc.) to reduce processing time. In another example, the base station may request re-transmission of all preempted code blocks, supporting TB CRC calculation. In another example, the base station or UE may extend a processing timeline for the re-transmission to support TB CRC calculation.

Dynamic reconfiguration of CSI-RS resources for CSI reporting is described for full dimension multiple input, multiple output (FD-MIMO) systems. While a larger number of channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) resources with independent resource configuration are configured and associated with a CSI process, only a subset of resources that are activated by additional signaling are used for CSI measurement and reporting. The set of activated CSI-RS resources may include only a single CSI-RS resource. Both periodic and aperiodic CSI reporting may then be based on the same set of the activated CSI-RS resources. Medium access control (MAC) control elements may be used to provide activation/deactivation of the CSI-RS resources. Additionally, CSI reporting may be based on both the activated CSI-RS resources and the associated number of antenna ports.

Provided are a frame configuring unit configured to configure a frame using a plurality of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, by allocating time resources and frequency resources to a plurality of transmission data, and a transmitter which transmits the frame. The frame includes a first period in which a preamble which includes information on a frame configuration of the frame is transmitted, a second period in which a plurality of transmission data are transmitted by time division, a third period in which a plurality of transmission data are transmitted by frequency division, and a fourth period in which a plurality of transmission data are transmitted by time division and frequency division.

An orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) frame tone allocation includes a 256 tone payload consisting of 228 data and pilot tones and 28 null tones. The 28 null tones consist of guard tones and at least one direct current (DC) tone. In one example, the 256 tone payload consists of 224 data tones, 4 common pilot tones, and 28 null tones. In another example, the 256 tone payload consists of 222 data tones, 6 common pilot tones, and 28 null tones. In yet another example, the 256 tone payload may consist of 220 data tones, 8 common pilot tones, and 28 null tones. The OFDMA frame may be a downlink OFDMA frame or an uplink OFDMA frame.

Apparatus and methods for phase noise mitigation in wireless systems and networks. In one embodiment, the apparatus and methods provide enhanced wireless services which provide enhanced performance to 5G millimeter wave system entities base stations (gNodeBs) and their backhaul in support of low-latency and high-throughput operation of these components and the network as a whole. In one variant, an enhanced phase noise mitigation mechanism is provided which has a robust performance in operating in very high frequencies such as millimeter wave spectrum. In yet other implementations, the methods and apparatus described herein can be utilized with respect to mobile devices such as between 5G NR millimeter-wave capable UEs and corresponding gNBs.

A method performed by a wireless device for performing an uplink control channel transmission in a serving cell in a wireless communications network is provided. The wireless device is configured with a set of serving cell(s) in the wireless communications network. First, the wireless device determines a number of serving cells of the set of serving cell(s) that are relevant to consider when performing the uplink control channel transmission in the serving cell. Secondly, the wireless device selects an uplink control channel format from a set of uplink control channel formats for uplink control channel transmissions based on the determined number of serving cells. Then, the wireless device performs the uplink control channel transmission in the serving cell using the selected uplink control channel format. A wireless device for performing an uplink control channel transmission in a serving cell in a wireless communications network is also provided.

The present disclosure relates to a method for performing monitoring, performed by user equipment (UE), in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving information related to monitoring from a network; and performing monitoring on the basis of the information related to monitoring, wherein the information related to monitoring is information related to reduction of a range of a target which the UE will monitor.

Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a network entity transmits, to a user equipment (UE), at least one file, the at least one file comprising a group of data packets, wherein each data packet of the group of data packets of the at least one file is associated with a file identifier of the at least one file, transmits, to the UE, after transmitting the last data packet of the group of data packets of the at least one file, a request for the UE to report a reception status of the at least one file, transmits, to the UE, one or more repair bits for the at least one file, receives an acknowledgment from the UE, and ceases transmission of the one or more repair bits upon reception of the acknowledgment from the UE.