A method of auto-detection of WLAN packets includes selecting a first Golay sequence from a first pair of Golay complementary sequences associated with first packet type, each Golay sequence of the first pair of Golay complementary sequences being zero correlation zone (ZCZ) sequences with each Golay sequence of a second pair of Golay complementary sequences associated with a second packet type, and transmitting a wireless packet carrying a short training field (STF) that includes one or more instances of the first Golay sequence.

A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first signal including a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The PSS and SSS may be received in a resource block of a cell and the resource block may have a first numerology. Further, the first numerology may have a first subcarrier spacing, while other resources of the cell at a same time as the resource block may have a second numerology with a different subcarrier spacing than the first numerology. In addition, the WTRU may determine synchronization based on the PSS and SSS. Also, the WTRU may receive a second signal in the cell, and the second signal may have the second numerology. Moreover, the WTRU may transmit user data. In a further example, the WTRU may search a frequency raster for the PSS and the SSS.

A terminal (transmission apparatus) is disclosed, which is capable of appropriately configuring processing of a Post-IFFT section in accordance with a communication environment in signal waveform generation. In the terminal, an IFFT section performs IFFT processing on a transmission signal; a control section determines a signal waveform configuration for the transmission signal after the IFFT processing in accordance with a communication environment of the terminal; and the Post-IFFT section performs Post-IFFT processing on the transmission signal after the IFFT processing based on the determined signal waveform configuration.

The disclosure relates to a method, performed by a base station, for transmitting and receiving modulation signals in a wireless communication system, the method including: transmitting group modulation configuration information to a user equipment, receiving feedback information about a group modulation scheme from the user equipment; and determining a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), in consideration of the feedback information.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). A method of determining a frequency-domain offset parameter of a preamble in a random access channel and a corresponding user equipment (UE) is provided. The method includes obtaining a random access channel subcarrier spacing Δf.sub.RA, a preamble length L.sub.RA and a uplink (UL) channel subcarrier spacing Δf from a base station and determining a frequency-domain offset parameter k of a preamble in a random access channel based on the obtained random access channel subcarrier spacing Δf.sub.RA, preamble length L.sub.RA and UL channel subcarrier spacing Δf. Other embodiments of the disclosure further provide a random access method, a method for configuring random access information and related device, and a corresponding computer readable medium.

Methods, systems, and devices for contention-based transmissions using differential coding techniques in mobile communication technology are described. An exemplary method for wireless communication includes transmitting, by a wireless device, a payload including a first portion that is modulated using a differential coding technique and a second portion that is modulated using an amplitude-shift keying (ASK) or phase-shift keying (PSK) modulation, and where the payload includes an identity of the wireless device and at least one of a user plane data or a control plane data.

A quantum communication method, an apparatus, and a system are provided. The method includes: modulating a first symbol to an i.sup.th direction vector of a first electric wave based on a preset mapping relationship, to obtain a second electric wave; and transmitting the second electric wave, where the first electric wave supports M direction vectors, the i.sup.th direction vector of the first electric wave is one of the M direction vectors of the first electric wave, the first symbol is a symbol corresponding to first data, the i.sup.th direction vector of the first electric wave corresponds to an i.sup.th distribution result, the i.sup.th distribution result is obtained by converting the second electric wave into an energy quantum. The first symbol may be modulated to a direction vector of the first electric wave, and this application is compatible with the conventional technology.

A method for receiving a modulated signal, includes the steps of receiving a signal modulated by a pulse position modulation (PPM) or a pulse width modulation (PWM) or a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) or an on-off keying (OOK) amplitude modulation, corresponding to the transmission of a sequence of one or more consecutive digital symbols, squaring the received signal, projecting the square of the received signal onto multiple components of an analogue signal basis in order to obtain an analogue vector of dimension equal to the number of projection components, the components of the analogue signal basis being non-constant functions, digitizing the analogue vector into a digital vector, jointly demodulating the components of the digital vector by way of a maximum likelihood algorithm in order to estimate the transmitted sequence of one or more consecutive digital symbols.

Systems and methods for classifying baseband signals include receiving, at a pre-processing stage of a neural network whose objective is modulation classification performance, a complex quadrature vector of interest including a plurality of samples of a baseband signal derived from a radio frequency signal of an unknown modulation type, providing the vector of interest to a plurality of FIR filters, each of which outputs a respective intermediate filtered version of the vector of interest, combining the outputs of two or more of the FIR filters to produce a filtered version of the vector of interest, including applying respective weightings to the outputs of the FIR filters, and providing the filtered version of the vector of interest to an analysis stage of the neural network for classification with respect to a plurality of known modulation types. The neural network may apply attention-based selection to learn the filters and respective weightings.

A system for power amplifier control includes a processor, a memory in communication with the processor, wherein the processor and the memory are configured to simultaneously provide input signal strength of each of a plurality of power amplifiers in a millimeter wave (mmW) phased array system, determine an average input signal strength of the plurality of power amplifiers based on the provided input signal strengths using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), determine a voltage headroom for the plurality of power amplifiers based on the determined average input signal strength, estimate a power backoff value based on the voltage headroom, and determine a gain control value based on the estimated power backoff value.