In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a network function (NF). The NF comprises, a communication unit configured to receive, from another NF, a message regarding association between the NF and the another NF; and a message processing unit configured to obtain, from the received message, delivery information for a message to be transmitted to the another NF, and to transmit the message to be transmitted to the another NF based on the obtained delivery information to the another NF.

A disclosure of the present specification provides a method for performing, by a visited public land mobile network-policy control function (V-PCF), communication using edge computing. The method comprises the steps of: establishing UE policy association with a home public land mobile network-policy control function (H-PCF); receiving a first subscription message from the H-PCF; and transmitting a second subscription message to a visited public land mobile network-unified data repository (V-UDR). The first subscription message is a message that requests a notification, according to edge application server (EAS) information being updated or modified, the second subscription message is a message that requests a notification, according to the EAS information being updated or modified, the second subscription message is based on the first subscription message, and the EAS information may be information that is generated by an application function (AF) and transmitted to the V-UDR.

Embodiments of this application provide a data analytics method and data analytics apparatus. The method includes obtaining, by a user plane data processing network element, at least one matching condition that is from a data analytics network element, where each of the at least one matching condition corresponds to at least one service type or at least one execution rule. The method further includes obtaining, by the user plane data processing network element based on the at least one matching condition, a service type associated with user plane data or an execution rule associated with the user plane data. Embodiments of this application implement data analytics by using the data analytics network element in a communications network.

A BRAS system-based packet encapsulation method includes obtaining user access information when receiving a user access protocol packet and performing VXLAN GPE encapsulation on the user access protocol packet based on the user access information. The encapsulation structure includes a user information header that is used to store the user access information, and a quantity of bytes occupied by the user information header is less than or equal to 12. In this application, the foregoing encapsulation structure is used to encapsulate a packet.

A method of discovering addressing information of one or more upstream devices to respond to specific messages by a second device on behalf of the one or more upstream devices in a network includes acquiring the addressing information in an upstream direction from one or more downstream devices to the one or more upstream devices. The method further includes acquiring the addressing information in a downstream direction from the one or more upstream devices to the one or more downstream devices. The method further includes responding to specific messages using the acquired addressing information about the one or more upstream devices.

A device access method includes obtaining, by a mobility management entity, an identifier of a remote device and an identifier of a relay device, determining, by the mobility management entity based on at least one of the identifier of the remote device or the identifier of the relay device, to allow the remote device to access the network using the relay device, and sending, by the mobility management entity, a registration success message to the remote device using the relay device.

According to examples, an apparatus may include a processor and a memory on which is stored machine readable instructions that may cause the processor to determine whether a request is stored in a message queue, in which the apparatus may be inside of a domain and the message queue may be outside of the domain. Based on a determination that a request is stored in the message queue, the processor may pull the request from the message queue through a domain boundary, fulfill the request to cause a response to the request to be generated, and forward the response to the message queue through the domain boundary.

According to examples, an apparatus may include a processor and a memory on which is stored machine readable instructions that may cause the processor to determine whether a request is stored in a message queue, in which the apparatus may be inside of a domain and the message queue may be outside of the domain. Based on a determination that a request is stored in the message queue, the processor may pull the request from the message queue through a domain boundary, fulfill the request to cause a response to the request to be generated, and forward the response to the message queue through the domain boundary.

The application discloses a data transmission method and a related apparatus. A first device receives a connection establishment request and a target data feature that are sent from an analysis device. The connection establishment request includes a first connection parameter of the analysis device. The first device determines, based on the target data feature, a second device that collects data corresponding to the target data feature. The first device and the second device belong to a same distributed system. The first device determines a second connection parameter of the second device; and sends the first connection parameter, the second connection parameter and the target data feature to the second device. The second device establishes a connection to the analysis device based on the first connection parameter and the second connection parameter, and transmits the data corresponding to the target data feature to the analysis device through the established connection.

A method for propagating a movement event message of a network entity, including: step 1) a network device maintaining a historical forwarded information list, wherein a network device capable of receiving a movement event message from an external system or device maintains an uplink port information table; step 2) after receiving the message, the network device performs matching using the table to obtain a forwarding port and forwarding information of the message, and constructs a movement event forwarding message using the information and forwards through the forwarding port; and step 3) after a device receives the message, searching for a matching forwarding port and forwarding information of the message in the information list, modifying the message using the forwarding information, and forwarding the modified message through the forwarding port. The method is able to propagate a movement event message to a network device responsible for related data transmission and forwarding.