A data transmission method includes: receiving, by the PNF SDN controller, a first packet and an access loop identifier that are sent by a first network device; generating, by the PNF SDN controller, a second packet based on the access loop identifier and the first packet; and sending, by the PNF SDN controller, the second packet to the virtualized network function software-defined networking VNF SDN controller, so that the VNF SDN controller sends the second packet to a second network device, where the second packet is used to request the second network device to assign an IP address or IP address prefix to user equipment.

At least two egress provider edge (PE) routers of a service provider core network of a virtual private network are set as an anycast transport node. The same logical IP address and the same interior label are allocated to the egress PE routers. The same service label is allocated to virtual private networks, or private routes of virtual private networks, serviced by the two egress PE routers constituting the anycast transport node.

A method of initializing, provisioning, and managing a cable modem and a customer premise equipment device includes sending a customized configuration file to the cable modem. The configuration file contains service provisioning information and further includes information indicative of a network address type for the customer premise equipment device. A message is passed from the cable modem to the customer premise equipment device indicative of the network address type. The customer premise equipment device is provided with a network address in accordance with the network address type indicated in the message. In this way, the customer premise equipment device knows what kind of address to obtain, and excessive transactions are avoided.

Disclosed are a method and device for redirection to a Web page. The method includes: when a first device receives a Domain Name System (DNS) request from a second device and a domain name requested by the DNS request is not a domain name of a gateway of the first device and satisfies a redirection condition, the first device sends a response message of the DNS request to the second device (S102), wherein an unused virtual Internet Protocol (IP) address in a locally preset virtual IP address group is carried in the response message; the first device establishes a correspondence between the virtual IP address and the domain name satisfying the redirection condition (S104); and after receiving a Transport Control Protocol (TCP) data packet sent from the second device, the first device replaces the virtual IP address carried in the TCP data packet with a designated IP address, and forwards, according to the designated IP address, interactive data packets between the second device and the designated IP address (S106). The technical solution solves the problem in the related art of redirection to the Web page resulting from optimization of a Personal Computer (PC) browser.

Methods and apparatus for private network peering in virtual network environments in which peerings between virtual client private networks on a provider network may be established by clients via an API to a peering service. The peering service and API 104 may allow clients to dynamically establish and manage virtual network transit centers on the provider network at which virtual ports may be established and configured, virtual peerings between private networks may be requested and, if accepted, established, and routing information for the peerings may be specified and exchanged. Once a virtual peering between client private networks is established, packets may be exchanged between the respective client private networks via the peering over the network substrate according to the overlay network technology used by the provider network, for example an encapsulation protocol technology.

A non-transitory computer readable medium has instructions stored therein to be executed by a packet processing unit (PPU) in a communications network to allow a plurality of PPUs in the communications network to independently allocate IP addresses from a shared pool of IP addresses. The plurality of PPUs collectively maintain a distributed hash table (DHT). The DHT stores a distributed block allocation table (DBAT) and a plurality of distributed address allocation tables (DAATs). The DBAT includes an entry for each of a plurality of blocks of IP addresses to indicate which of the plurality of blocks are allocated to which of the plurality of PPUs. Each of the plurality of DAATs corresponds to one of the blocks in the DBAT and includes an entry for each of the IP addresses in that block to indicate which of the IP addresses in that block are allocated to which user entities.

A method, an apparatus, and a system for controlling sending of a MAC address forwarding table are provided. In the solution, when it is determined that a destination IP address is different from any IP address of a gateway to which a source virtual machine is attached, generation, according to an ARP request packet, a first MAC address forwarding table that is to be sent to the gateway is forbidden; and when it is determined that IP addresses of the gateway to which the source virtual machine is attached include an IP address that is the same as the destination IP address, a first MAC address forwarding table that is to be sent to the gateway is generated according to the ARP request packet, and the first MAC address forwarding table is sent to the gateway.

A method allows each individual node in the multi-node computing system to detect the topology of the computing system. Each individual node detects its own connections with neighboring nodes directly connected to the individual node, and sends out a topology packet on all of its interfaces with a local topology change indicator that increments with each topology packet sent out. Each individual node stores their own topology table with an entry for each node from which it has received a topology packet, including the local topology change number which enables the node to determine whether a received topology packet is more recent than data already stored in the topology table. Each node updates its topology table with new topology data, forwards new topology data, and sends back acknowledgements to a source node only upon receiving acknowledgements from all other nodes.

A Network Device (ND) may be configured to enable secure digital video streaming for HD (high definition) digital video systems over a standard network. The ND may operate in at least one of two modes, a co-processor mode and a stand-alone mode, and may provide at least three high level functions: network interface control (NIC), video streaming offload (VSO), and stand-alone video streaming (SVS). To seamlessly execute the VSO functionality, the ND may be configured to have two network stacks running synchronously on a single network interface having a single network address. The two network stacks may share the data traffic, while the Host network stack may act as a master, and configure the ND network stack to accept only specifically designated traffic, thus offloading some of the data processing to the processor configured in the ND. The ND network system may appear as an ordinary network controller to the Host, from which the user may configure the ND network driver to obtain/set the network address, configure the physical layer link speed and duplex mode, configure the multicast filter settings, and obtain and clear the network level statistics.

A communication apparatus includes a processor and a memory. The processor executes computer-readable instructions stored in the memory. The instructions instruct the communication apparatus to establish a first network including the communication apparatus and a first device. The instructions instruct the communication apparatus to establish a second network including the communication apparatus and a second device. The instructions instruct the communication apparatus to determine a target IP address. Determining the target IP address includes identifying a particular IP address, which is an IP address of the communication apparatus used in the second type network. Determining the target IP address includes generating the target IP address to be within a particular range using the particular IP address. The particular range is a range of IP addresses that are not available in the second type network. The instructions instruct the communication apparatus to assign the target IP address to the first device.