A system comprises an edge services controller configured to: compute, based on a physical topology of physical links that connect a plurality of network interface cards (NICs) that comprise embedded switches and processing units coupled to the embedded switches, a virtual topology comprising a strict subset of the physical links; and program the virtual topology into the respective processing units of the NICs to cause the processing units of the NICs to send data packets via physical links in the strict subset of the physical links.

A method for transmitting a broadcast signal, includes compressing headers of Internet Protocol (IP) packets in an IP packet stream to output a compressed IP packet stream, the compressed IP packet stream including Initialization Refresh (IR) packets, a first group of IR-dynamic packets, and compressed IP packets; extracting context information from the compressed IP packet stream, wherein when the context information is extracted only from the IR packets in the compressed IP packet stream, the IR packets are converted to a second group of IR-dynamic packets; building signaling information including the context information; and encapsulating the signaling information into one or more signaling link layer packets and the compressed IP packet stream into link layer packets that are distinct from the one or more signaling link layer packets.

The present invention relates to a data transmission system including a data exchange unit; wherein, to transmit a data frame, it passes successively at least through an interface module that is configured to receive said data frame from outside the transmission system; an analysis and filtering module responsible for processing said data frame which is received from the interface module before encapsulation; and an encapsulation module responsible for encapsulating said data frame processed by the analysis and filtering module, wherein two successive modules through which said data frame passes are connected to one another by an interconnection device each including a temporary memory for storing said frame and the read and write accesses to said memory being frequency-independent.

Deterministic real-time multi-protocol heterogeneous packet-based transport is achieved by traffic shaping. When receiving a plurality of packets from a root complex where contents of each packet from the plurality of packets organized in accordance with a first protocol, a sequence number is added to each packet and a packet type is identified. Every packet in the first plurality of packets is encapsulated into at least one packet organized in accordance with a second protocol to form a second plurality of packets organized in accordance with the second protocol. All the packets from the second plurality of packets pass traffic scheduling or traffic shaping prior being sent via a plurality of connections to avoid burstiness and to achieve bounded transport latency in the plurality of connections, thereby providing deterministic real-time behavior in distributed systems.

During operation, an electronic device may emulate client functionality associated with a virtual client in a wireless network, where emulating the client functionality includes generating a first frame that is compatible with a wireless communication protocol and is associated with fictious wireless communication with the virtual client. Then, the electronic device may provide, to a computer, a second frame that includes at least a portion of the first frame, where the second frame is compatible with a wired communication protocol. Next, the electronic device may receive, from the computer, a response message based at least in part on the first frame, where the response message includes information associated with a service provided by the computer. Moreover, the electronic device may assess the service based at least in part on the information and may selectively perform the remedial action based at least in part on the assessment.

A method is provided to implement a fragmentation mechanism for a session between a 5G-RG and access gateway function (AGF) communicating over point to point protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) that encapsulates control messages, where the 5G-RG or the AGF is a sender of a message. The method includes receiving the message to be sent that does not fit within a maximum transmission unit for the session, generating a first fragment of the message and a second fragment of the message, and sending the first fragment of the message and the second fragment of the message to a receiver, the second fragment including metadata with a length, and cyclic redundancy check.

In modern networks, RRU and BBU equipment of an access point site typically handles traffic from a single sector. An RRU-BBU pair process that traffic (often limited to a single spectrum from a single sector) according to implemented capabilities and other equipment located further upstream perform functions that rely on information from multiple sectors. An integrated device (e.g., white box) can integrate the functionality of multiple RRU (or NR in 5G) and the functionality of multiple BBU (or DU/CU splits in 5G), which can reduce implementation footprint, costs, and can provide related services more efficiently without going upstream.

Features are disclosed for enriching a packet of network traffic between a first computing environment and a second computing environment with telemetry information. Each computing environment can include a network device for enriching packets with telemetry information and parsing enriched packets. A source network device can select a packet of the network traffic for enrichment based on enrichment parameters and generate an enriched packet including payload information and telemetry information. A destination network device can receive the enriched packet and parse the enriched packet to separate the payload information and telemetry information. The destination network device can transmit transmission information to the source network device based on the enriched packet.

A message encapsulation method and apparatus, and a message decapsulation method and apparatus are provided. The message encapsulation method includes encapsulating a first message according to a preset encapsulation format to obtain a second message, where the first message is obtained by encapsulating a traffic stream, the second message carries stream attribute information, and the stream attribute information is used for indicating a feature attribute of the traffic stream.

The present invention provides a method for controlling a remote service access path including the steps of: receiving a datagram sent by any terminal intending to access the remote service; requesting a node management server to determine an optimal gateway server as an optimal node for transferring the datagram, the optimal gateway server being selected from a number of gateway servers provided for a distributed deployment architecture established for a server cluster of the remote service; testing transmission quality of a number of accessed data connections to the optimal gateway server, and determining an optimal data connection having optimal transmission quality; and invoking the optimal data connection to send a datagram after tunnel encapsulation thereof, and the optimal gateway server forwarding the datagram to a business server connected to the optimal gateway server and belonging to the server cluster.