A control system includes a receiver configured to receive information relating to starting or ending a call between a first communications terminal and a second communications terminal while a session, which is for sending content data between the first communications terminal and the second communications terminal, is established; and a transmitter configured to send, to the first communications terminal, control information for starting output of content based on content data sent from the second communications terminal, in response to receiving the information relating to starting the call by the receiver, and to send, to the first communications terminal, the control information for stopping output of the content based on the content data sent from the second communications terminal, in response to receiving the information relating to ending the call by the receiver.

Embodiments of the present application provide a charging method, a charging device, a charging system, and an authentication device. According to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, when the available service volume of the user is not enough at the time close to the tariff switch point, the operation of forcing a user to go offline may be performed selectively, depending on the specific situation. Therefore, the operation of forcing a user to go offline can meet requirements of increasingly complicated charging policies of the operator.

A method for adapting the data traffic of a communication between a user equipment and a communication network. The user equipment includes an entity for providing a service associated to the communication. The method includes determining actual operational status information of the service providing entity and creating an usage indicator based on said operational status information. Further the method includes the steps of sending the usage indicator to the communication network and adapting the data traffic of the communication in accordance with the usage indicator. A related user equipment provides the usage indicator to the communication network. A related traffic controller of a communication network adapts the data traffic of a communication between the user equipment and the communication network.

The user calls to the mobile device with a predetermined pattern. In one embodiment the predetermined pattern is coded on the duration of the unanswered calls and the duration between successive calls. The predetermined pattern may be time coded on the durations of successive calls. After detecting the predetermined pattern the mobile device answers the incoming call. The user may continue by identifying via the voice line, if that is required. The mobile device responds to commands provided via the voice line, for example by providing contact information as synthesized speech.

A remote server identifies based on unique identification information, model information, operator name information and/or owner name information, and a plurality of pieces of contact information. The remote server identifies trouble content information, estimated cause information, and seriousness information based on trouble content identification information. The remote server simultaneously transmits transmission information to contact addresses indicated by the plurality of pieces of contact information identified, the transmission information including the model information, the operator name information and/or the owner name information, date and time information, position information, the trouble content information, the estimated cause information, and the seriousness information. When the seriousness information has a highest rank, the remote server adds instruction information instructing a phone call to the operator and/or the owner to the transmission information to be transmitted to the contact addresses indicated by the plurality of pieces of contact information.

A remote server identifies based on unique identification information, model information, operator name information and/or owner name information, and a plurality of pieces of contact information. The remote server identifies trouble content information, estimated cause information, and seriousness information based on trouble content identification information. The remote server simultaneously transmits transmission information to contact addresses indicated by the plurality of pieces of contact information identified, the transmission information including the model information, the operator name information and/or the owner name information, date and time information, position information, the trouble content information, the estimated cause information, and the seriousness information. When troubleshooting intention information, indicating an intention to perform trouble shooting for the trouble, is received from any one of contact addresses indicated by the plurality of pieces of contact information, the remote server transmits the troubleshooting intention information to the other contact addresses.

An instruction device includes: a detection unit that detects a space in which the instruction device exists; a storage unit that stores association information including information indicating that the space and a target device are associated with each other; a specifying unit that specifies the target device associated with the detected space by referring to the association information; and an output unit that outputs an instruction signal corresponding to the specified target device in accordance with an operation by an operator.

A system for sending a relay notification comprises a transceiver and a processor. The processor is configured to use the transceiver to receive a request for allowing a mobile device to be used by a further mobile device as a relay to a mobile communication network. The processor is further configured to determine whether the mobile device is to act as a relay for the further mobile device based on the unique identifier of the further mobile device, and to use the transceiver to notify the mobile device that it is to act as a relay for the further mobile device in dependence on the determination. The mobile device is configured to receive the notification from the system. The processor is further configured to start relaying data received from the further mobile device to the mobile communication network upon receiving the notification.

A system for sending a relay notification comprises a transceiver and a processor. The processor is configured to use the transceiver to receive a request for allowing a mobile device to be used by a further mobile device as a relay to a mobile communication network. The processor is further configured to determine whether the mobile device is to act as a relay for the further mobile device based on the unique identifier of the further mobile device, and to use the transceiver to notify the mobile device that it is to act as a relay for the further mobile device in dependence on the determination. The mobile device is configured to receive the notification from the system. The processor is further configured to start relaying data received from the further mobile device to the mobile communication network upon receiving the notification.

A communication device obtains identification information and a public key of a first other communication device by a particular obtaining method that does not use a wireless LAN and notifies the first other communication device of a role of the first other communication device in a communication based on Wi-Fi Direct. In addition, the communication device obtains identification information and a public key of a second other communication device by the particular obtaining method and notifies the second other communication device of a role of the second other communication device in the communication based on Wi-Fi Direct. One of the notified roles is a P2P Group Owner and the other one is a P2P Client, and the communication based on Wi-Fi Direct can be performed between the first other communication device and the second other communication device based on the notifications.