A panel speaker includes: a first panel; a second panel; a vibration actuator configured to vibrate the first panel and the second panel; an adhesive layer configured to adhere one surface of the first panel to one surface of the second panel; and a coupling portion configured to couple other surface of the second panel with the vibration actuator, the adhesive layer includes a plurality of strip-shaped regions parallel to one direction in a plan view of the second panel, and the coupling portion is disposed at a region sandwiched between adjacent two of the plurality of strip-shaped regions in the plan view of the second panel.

A transducer includes first and second piezoelectric layers made of corresponding different first and second piezoelectric materials and three or more electrodes, implemented in two or more conductive electrode layers. The first piezoelectric layer is sandwiched between a first pair of electrodes and the second piezoelectric layer is sandwiched between a second pair of electrodes. The first and second pairs of electrodes contain no more than one electrode that is common to both pairs.

A transducer includes first and second piezoelectric layers made of corresponding different first and second piezoelectric materials and three or more electrodes, implemented in two or more conductive electrode layers. The first piezoelectric layer is sandwiched between a first pair of electrodes and the second piezoelectric layer is sandwiched between a second pair of electrodes. The first and second pairs of electrodes contain no more than one electrode that is common to both pairs.

Provided is a laminated piezoelectric element is formed by folding back and laminating a piezoelectric film having an electrode layer and a protective layer on both sides of a piezoelectric layer in which piezoelectric particles are dispersed in a matrix. In the laminated two layers of the piezoelectric film, in a case where a thickness of a central portion thereof is a center thickness and a position up to twice the center thickness in a direction from the folded side end part toward the center is the folded-back portion, there is a position at which the thickness is greater than the center thickness in the folded-back portion, and there is an air gap in the folded-back portion or the air gap is filled with a cementing agent. The laminated piezoelectric element is able to prevent peeling of the electrode layer and the like in the folded-back portion in the laminated piezoelectric element in which the piezoelectric film is folded back and laminated. An electroacoustic transducer uses the laminated piezoelectric element.

Provided is a laminated piezoelectric element is formed by folding back and laminating a piezoelectric film having an electrode layer and a protective layer on both sides of a piezoelectric layer in which piezoelectric particles are dispersed in a matrix. In the laminated two layers of the piezoelectric film, in a case where a thickness of a central portion thereof is a center thickness and a position up to twice the center thickness in a direction from the folded side end part toward the center is the folded-back portion, there is a position at which the thickness is greater than the center thickness in the folded-back portion, and there is an air gap in the folded-back portion or the air gap is filled with a cementing agent. The laminated piezoelectric element is able to prevent peeling of the electrode layer and the like in the folded-back portion in the laminated piezoelectric element in which the piezoelectric film is folded back and laminated. An electroacoustic transducer uses the laminated piezoelectric element.

An electronic device and method for generating an audio signal is provided. According to various example embodiments, an electronic device may include a display configured to depict visual information to the outside of the electronic device. The electronic device further includes an actuator to cause the display to vibrate. A processor is electrically connected to the actuator and the display. The processor applies a pilot signal to the actuator, and detects an amount of vibration of the display caused by applying the pilot signal. The processor sets an environment of the audio signal based on the amount of vibration of the display.

An electronic device and method for generating an audio signal is provided. According to various example embodiments, an electronic device may include a display configured to depict visual information to the outside of the electronic device. The electronic device further includes an actuator to cause the display to vibrate. A processor is electrically connected to the actuator and the display. The processor applies a pilot signal to the actuator, and detects an amount of vibration of the display caused by applying the pilot signal. The processor sets an environment of the audio signal based on the amount of vibration of the display.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electroacoustic transducer and an image display device, each of which can be rolled up and does not need a mechanical mechanism and a driving source. The object is accomplished by providing a vibration plate or display element which can be rolled up, and a convex leaf spring having an arc-shaped cross section in the lateral direction and having a concave side disposed facing one surface of the vibration plate or a non-image-displaying surface of the display element.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electroacoustic transducer and an image display device, each of which can be rolled up and does not need a mechanical mechanism and a driving source. The object is accomplished by providing a vibration plate or display element which can be rolled up, and a convex leaf spring having an arc-shaped cross section in the lateral direction and having a concave side disposed facing one surface of the vibration plate or a non-image-displaying surface of the display element.

The invention discloses a piezoelectric speaker, including a substrate with a cavity therethrough a supporting structure covering the cavity a first drive structure stacked on the supporting structure, including alternately stacked first electrode layers and first piezoelectric layers a transmission structure stacked on the first drive structure, and a separation slot penetrating the supporting structure and the first drive structure to separate the first drive structure into a first piezoelectric driving part and a second piezoelectric driving part. A rigidity of the transmission structure is less than or equal to a rigidity of the first drive structure, and the rigidity of the first drive structure is less than or equal to a rigidity of the supporting structure. Compared with the prior art, the sound pressure level generated at the same moment is higher.