A method, apparatus and system for transferring data from an apparatus called multi-protocol gateway in a network seamlessly that operates using a particular protocol, to another device that is either in the same network or outside operating in a totally different protocol is described. Today, to accomplish this requires external units, one per technology. For example, for supporting both WiFi and WiMAX devices today, we would require a WiFi access point, a WiMAX base station and a router. We provide plug-ins that would handle multiple protocols within the same gateway, to cater to devices that operate in those protocols. The apparatus translates between various protocols in the back end making it inexpensive and portable. The unit is scalable, grows with technology, and acts as a gateway to a local network. The device can be configured to address Quality of Service, Priority between technologies and fault-tolerance through management layer.

A method for concurrent execution of multiple protocols using a single radio of a wireless communication device is provided that includes receiving, in a radio command scheduler, a first radio command from a first protocol stack of a plurality of protocol states executing on the wireless communication device, determining a scheduling policy for the first radio command based on a current state of each protocol stack of the plurality of protocol stacks, and scheduling the first radio command in a radio command queue for the radio based on the scheduling policy, wherein the radio command scheduler uses the radio command queue to schedule radio commands received from the plurality of protocol stacks.

Methods, devices and systems are provided for performing for multi-user (MU) transmission. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to receive a frame, decode the received frame and determine whether the received frame is a null data packet (NDP) multi-user (MU) media access control (MAC) physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) (NDP MU MAC PPDU) based on meeting an NDP condition. The NDP MU MAC PPDU may correspond to an MU transmission and may include a PLCP header which includes an NDP signal (SIG) field having MU control information. Based on the received frame meeting the NDP condition, the WTRU may be further configured to process the NDP SIG field, generate a response based on the NDP SIG field and the MU control information, and transmit the response.

Methods, devices and systems are provided for performing for multi-user (MU) transmission. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to receive a frame, decode the received frame and determine whether the received frame is a null data packet (NDP) multi-user (MU) media access control (MAC) physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) (NDP MU MAC PPDU) based on meeting an NDP condition. The NDP MU MAC PPDU may correspond to an MU transmission and may include a PLCP header which includes an NDP signal (SIG) field having MU control information. Based on the received frame meeting the NDP condition, the WTRU may be further configured to process the NDP SIG field, generate a response based on the NDP SIG field and the MU control information, and transmit the response.

Communication control for establishing a multi-access PDN connection is performed based on a response to a PDN connectivity establishment request from a terminal device. Communication control for transmitting and/or receiving user data using one or more default bearers for a multi-access PDN connection is performed. This provides a communication control method and the like along with a multi-access PDN connectivity establishment request from the terminal device.

Communication control for establishing a multi-access PDN connection is performed based on a response to a PDN connectivity establishment request from a terminal device. Communication control for transmitting and/or receiving user data using one or more default bearers for a multi-access PDN connection is performed. This provides a communication control method and the like along with a multi-access PDN connectivity establishment request from the terminal device.

A system, server, and method of DTMF detection in a VoIP network.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for facilitating bi-directional edge proxy-to-edge proxy communications across an enterprise firewall in 5G service-based architecture. In one aspect, a method includes receiving a subscription request from a user device to operate on a visited private network; determining that the user device is associated with a home network; and establishing a communication protocol between a security edge protection proxy of the visited private network and a security edge protection proxy of the home network, wherein the communication protocol enables bi-directional exchange of roaming signals between the visited private network and the home network while user device is operating on the visited private network.

Disclosed are systems and techniques for wireless communications. For instance, a network entity can determine a first data heterogeneity level associated with input data for training a machine learning model. In some cases, the network entity can determine, based on the first data heterogeneity level, a first data aggregation period for training the machine learning model. In some aspects, the network entity may obtain a first set of updated model parameters from a first client device and a second set of updated model parameters from a second client device, wherein the first set of updated model parameters and the second set of updated model parameters are based on the first data aggregation period. In some examples, the network entity can combine the first set of updated model parameters and the second set of updated model parameters to yield a first combined set of updated model parameters.

A method of communicating with a slave device includes sending a first device discovery message from the communicator to the slave device using a first communication protocol; if the slave device responds to the first device discovery message using the first communication protocol, establishing communication between the slave device and a control device using the first communication protocol; if the slave device does not respond to the first device discovery message using the first communication protocol, sending a second device discovery message from the communicator to the slave device using a second communication protocol; and if the slave device responds to the second device discovery message using the second communication protocol, establishing communication between the slave device and the control device using the second communication protocol.