The apparatus for cooking food with superheated steam includes an external casing (2) comprising inside a cooking chamber (4), suitable for containing one or more foods; a steam generating device (30), capable of vaporizing a liquid; a superheating device (31) of said steam associated with said steam generating device (30), said superheating device (31) being configured to heat said steam up to an operating temperature (T) higher than the boiling temperature of said liquid and to enable said superheated steam to come out towards said cooking chamber (4).

In one embodiment, the electronic vaping device includes a cartridge and a battery section. The cartridge and the battery section are connectable so as to define an air inlet between a portion of the cartridge and a portion of the battery section.

A device for emanating materials in the environment, preferably by heat evaporation, including: a supply for materials; an emitter of materials, for emitting the materials from the supply to surrounding environment, by application of power from a power supply according to an operation mode; an operation mode adjusting mechanism for adjusting the operation mode of the emitter, by controlling the power delivered to the emitter according to a determined transfer function. The transfer function is modular, so that it can be changed or completely replaced while keeping at least partially the adjusting mechanism in the device.

An iron according to the present disclosure includes a light emitter that emits light, a base surface that transmits the light, a detector that detects a temperature of the base surface, and a controller that controls an output of the light emitter in accordance with the temperature of the base surface detected by the detector. Variations in the temperature of the base surface are less than a temperature of clothes. According to the iron, since the output of the light emitter can be controlled in accordance with the temperature of the base surface, heat can be suitably transmitted to the clothes.

A coating-material drying method for drying a coating film of a coating material applied to a vehicle body by electrodeposition coating includes: an irradiation step of applying an electromagnetic wave to the coating material staying in a gap formed in the vehicle body to decrease the viscosity of the coating material such that the coating material flows out from the gap; and a drying step of drying and hardening the coating film by heating the vehicle body after the irradiation step. In the irradiation step, a part of the vehicle body is kept at a temperature less than 110° C., the part being a part where the coating material flowing out from the gap flows.

A method of manufacturing an aerosol provision apparatus for heating smokable material to volatilize at least one component of the smokable material, and an aerosol provision apparatus, are described. The method includes providing a heater arrangement for heating smokable material contained in use within the apparatus, the heater arrangement including at least a first heating zone and a second heating zone for heating different portions of the smokable material, providing a temperature sensor for each of the first and second heating zones, each temperature sensor for providing temperature measurements to be used as input temperature measurements for a temperature control loop, the control loop for controlling the heater arrangement to heat its associated respective heating zone to a target temperature based on the input temperature measurements acquired by the associated temperature sensor, and positioning each temperature sensor in its associated heating zone at a respective position selected so that if the heating arrangement were to heat the first and second heating zones so that the temperature sensors measure the same pre-selected target temperature, a temperature gradient across the length of the heating zones between the temperature sensors would be optimized as being substantially flat.

Provided is an on-line ice-melting apparatus. The apparatus is configured for melting the ice on a three-phase line. The apparatus includes an adjustable reactor, a grounding transformer, a controller, and an auxiliary circuit. The grounding transformer, the adjustable reactor, the auxiliary circuit, and a line of any phase of the three-phase line form a first control loop. The adjustable reactor includes a working winding, a control winding, and a short-circuit winding. The working winding is connected between the grounding transformer and the auxiliary circuit. The controller is electrically connected to the control winding and the short-circuit winding separately.

Sauna heaters are used to generate heat for saunas. Sauna heaters include a first halogen tube configured to generate heat, a second halogen tube configured to generate heat, wherein the first halogen tube is implemented a distance from the second halogen, and wherein the distance between the first halogen tube and the second halogen tube is configurable to adjust an amount of electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by the heater. Sauna heaters also include a source of alternating current electrically coupled to the first halogen tube and the second halogen tube such that the source of alternating current is configured to provide the first halogen tube and the second halogen tube with a current, wherein the current powering the first halogen tube is out of phase with the current powering the second halogen tube.

The present disclosure relates to a heating system comprising: a heating arrangement for heating a process medium; an inverter configured to receive an input direct-current voltage from a power supply and to produce an intermediate alternating-current voltage; a transformer configured to receive the intermediate alternating-current voltage produced by the inverter and to supply an output alternating-current voltage to the heating arrangement; a sensor arrangement configured to generate a first sensor output signal indicative of a thermodynamic parameter of the process medium or the heating arrangement; and a controller configured to control the inverter based on the first sensor output signal.

A method for controlling interfacial thermal resistance is provided. The method includes: providing a metallic thermal conductor and a non-metallic thermal conductor, the metallic thermal conductor and the non-metallic thermal conductor are in direct contact with each other to form an interface; and varying an electric field at the interface to modulate the interfacial thermal resistance at the interface.