The generator has three main parts. The first is a charged particle source. The second is a static electric field. The third is a collector connected to the ground or a capacitor. The first species has a wire, the collector, from the ground to the ion source. In the second species, the wire acts as a collector or is attached to the collector. The charged particle source can be any method that can produce ions. The electrostatic field can be the field of the Earth or a static field. The collector is attached to a grounded load. In one design, electrons are drawn through the load by an electron-emitting source attached to the top of the wire. The static electric field causes the rise of the electrons in the wire. In another embodiment, ions from the ion source are accelerated by the static field towards a collector.

A lightning strike probability-based coordinated power control method for an energy storage system and a load adjusts output power of an energy storage system and a regulatable load based on a real-time predicted lightning strike probability. This reduces a correlation between a power grid in a lightning region and an external power grid, minimizes impact of a lightning strike if any on the external power grid, and decreases an economic loss due to the lightning strike in the lightning region. The present disclosure establishes a relationship between the output power of the energy storage system, the regulated power of the regulatable load, and a lightning strike probability in a same region, and then regulates the power of the energy storage system and the regulatable load in real time based on the lightning strike probability.

A circuit is operative to extract electromagnetic wave energy from the ground via a resonant transformer in which resonance is triggered by electrical charge arcing across a spark gap. A center tap of the primary winding of the transformer is capacitively coupled to an electrode buried in the ground. In-rush current from the ground electrode is converted to a useful form (e.g., one- or three-phase 60 Hz AC) by a power conversion circuit connected to the secondary winding of the resonant transformer. The ground electrode of the capacitor coupling the grounded electrode to the center tap primary winding is the shield of a Faraday cage enclosing the resonant transformer, spark gap, and a high-voltage power supply exciting the spark gap.

A circuit is operative to extract electromagnetic wave energy from the ground via a resonant transformer in which resonance is triggered by electrical charge arcing across a spark gap. A center tap of the primary winding of the transformer is capacitively coupled to an electrode buried in the ground. In-rush current from the ground electrode is converted to a useful form (e.g., one- or three-phase 60 Hz AC) by a power conversion circuit connected to the secondary winding of the resonant transformer. The ground electrode of the capacitor coupling the grounded electrode to the center tap primary winding is the shield of a Faraday cage enclosing the resonant transformer, spark gap, and a high-voltage power supply exciting the spark gap.

A resonant transformer connected between a ground terminal and elevated terminal draws current from the earth's electric field through a primary winding of the transformer. An impulse generator applies a high voltage impulse to the primary winding of the resonant transformer to cause current to flow from the ground terminal through the primary winding. The flow of current through the primary winding of the resonant transformer induces a current in the secondary winding, which may be converted and filtered to a usable form, e.g. 60 Hz AC or DC.

A method for charging a battery of a vehicle with electrical energy using a charging station which includes at least one source for generating flashes. At least one flash is generated using the at least one source, an amount of electrical energy is provided via the air using the at least one receiver of the vehicle. The received amount of electrical energy is provided to the battery by the at least one receiver.

A method for charging a battery of a vehicle with electrical energy using a charging station which includes at least one source for generating flashes. At least one flash is generated using the at least one source, an amount of electrical energy is provided via the air using the at least one receiver of the vehicle. The received amount of electrical energy is provided to the battery by the at least one receiver.

A resonant transformer connected between a ground terminal and elevated terminal draws current from the earth's electric field through a primary winding of the transformer. An impulse generator applies a high voltage impulse to the primary winding of the resonant transformer to cause current to flow from the ground terminal through the primary winding. The flow of current through the primary winding of the resonant transformer induces a current in the secondary winding, which may be converted and filtered to a usable form, e.g. 60 Hz AC or DC.

A resonant transformer connected between a ground terminal and elevated terminal draws current from the earth's electric field through a primary winding of the transformer. An impulse generator applies a high voltage impulse to the primary winding of the resonant transformer to cause current to flow from the ground terminal through the primary winding. The flow of current through the primary winding of the resonant transformer induces a current in the secondary winding, which may be converted and filtered to a usable form, e.g. 60 Hz AC or DC.

Ion Harvesting Technology harvests high voltage electricity, including from atmospheric ions. A wire, or conductive tether, may be used to connect ion harvesting material (typically carbon, but including any materials such as metals, metamaterials, or others) located on or near an aerial platform to an anchor point. Because the harvested electricity is typically of high voltage, the electricity may arc between the conductive tether to nearby points of lesser or greater voltage. Such arcing represents a loss of power to the overall system, causing the overall system to be less efficient, or possibly non-operational, and in some cases may cause catastrophic system failure. Electrical isolators may be used to prevent the losses from the arcing.