A remote diagnostic monitoring of operating states for physical components of a particle accelerator system includes generating, by at least one processor, a component hierarchy corresponding to a physical arrangement of one or more physical components of a particle emitting system and including corresponding operating indicators of operating states of the physical components, identifying, by the at least one processor, a faulted physical component among the physical components, identifying, by the at least one processor, one or more fault path components among the physical components, the fault path components corresponding to a portion of the physical arrangement associated with the faulted physical component, and modifying, by the at least one processor, the operating indicators of the fault path components to fault state indicators.

To enable avoiding interference between a path of a separated charged particle beam and an electromagnet as well as providing a sufficient separation distance between: a path of a separated charged particle beam; and a path of a charged particle beam traveling in a main region. A quadrupole electromagnet includes: an iron core provided with a beam passing gap for travel of an output beam that is a separated charged particle beam, in addition to a main region for travel of a circulating beam that is a charged particle beam; excitation coils, and each wound around the iron core; a main vacuum duct, provided in a main region of the iron core, inside which the circulating beam travels; and a sub-vacuum duct, provided in the beam passing gap of the iron core, inside which the output beam travels.

A gantry-less particle therapy system is provided. Charged particles are extracted from an ion source and accelerated in a beam transport system having an annular portion extending in a first plane and that circumscribes a volume, an arcuate portion extending in a second plane, and a transition portion that connects the annular portion and the arcuate portion. The arcuate portion terminates at a beam nozzle extending radially inward from the annular portion to deliver an ion beam to a treatment area contained in the volume circumscribed by the annular portion.

A magnetic apparatus and a method of operating the magnetic apparatus can include a scanning electromagnet that redirects a beam of charged particles, a vacuum chamber that prevents the atmosphere from interfering with the charged particles; and, a parallelizing permanent magnet array for parallelizing the beam of charged particles. The parallelizing permanent magnet array can be located proximate to a target comprising a Bremsstrahlung target or an object that is being irradiated. The magnetic field of the scanning electromagnet can be variable to produce all angles necessary to sweep the beam of charged particles across the target and the parallelizing permanent magnet array can be configured from a magnetic material that does not require an electric current.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a compact gantry designed to provide particle therapy using a particle beam. A gantry for providing the particle therapy comprises a first dipole magnet operable to bend a particle beam received from a cyclotron by a first degree amount. The gantry further comprises a plurality of quadrupole magnets configured to condition the beam asymmetrically to produce an asymmetric beam, wherein a configuration of the quadrupole magnets is determined using a dispersion function of a second dipole magnet. Further, the second dipole magnet is operable to receive the asymmetric beam and bend the asymmetric beam by a second degree amount, and wherein the second dipole magnet disperses the asymmetric beam to produce a symmetric beam shape at a treatment iscoenter or at any other reference point.

A proton therapy system based on a compact superconducting cyclotron, including: a superconducting cyclotron system, an energy selection system, a beam transport system, a fixed therapy room subsystem and a rotating frame therapy subsystem; a fixed-energy proton beam extracted from a superconducting cyclotron of the superconducting cyclotron system is adjusted into a continuous and adjustable proton beam of 70 MeV to 200 MeV by the energy selection system, thus realizing a longitudinal adjustment for a proton range during treating a tumor, and the continuous and adjustable proton beam is respectively transmitted to the fixed therapy room subsystem and the rotating frame therapy subsystem by the beam transport system. The cooperative control of the superconducting cyclotron system, the energy selection system, the beam transport system and the therapy head realizes the transverse expansion of proton beams, thus realizing intensity modulated radiation therapy for the tumor.

A filter is provided. The filter includes a mixed layer. The mixed layer includes aluminum, magnesium fluoride, and lithium fluoride. The mixed layer is composed of 1 part by volume of magnesium fluoride, 0.25 to 1 parts by volume of aluminum, and 0.003 to 0.02 parts by volume of lithium fluoride.

An example particle therapy system may include: a synchrocyclotron to produce a particle beam; a scanner to move the particle beam in one or more dimensions relative to an irradiation target; and an energy degrader that is between the scanner and the irradiation target. The energy degrader may include multiple plates that are movable relative to a path of the particle beam, with the multiple plates each being controllable to move while in the path of the particle beam and during movement of the particle beam. An aperture may be between the energy degrader and the irradiation target. The aperture being may be to trim the particle beam prior to the particle beam reaching the irradiation target.

A radiation image capturing apparatus is provided. The apparatus comprises pixels, drivers to which row signal lines for driving the pixels for each row are respectively connected and a controller. The controller supplies, before radiation irradiation, selection signals to a driver group constituted by not less than two drivers which drive detection pixels, of the pixels, to cause each of the drivers included in the driver group to select a row signal line to which the detection pixels are connected, and the controller supplies, during radiation irradiation, a drive signal for driving pixels connected to a row signal line selected from the plurality of row signal lines to each driver included in the driver group to cause the radiation image capturing apparatus to acquire a signal for measuring a dose of radiation entering from each of the detection pixels.

A synchrocyclotron includes magnetic structures to provide a magnetic field to a cavity, a particle source to provide a plasma column to the cavity, where the particle source has a housing to hold the plasma column, and where the housing is interrupted at an acceleration region to expose the plasma column, and a voltage source to provide a radio frequency (RF) voltage to the cavity to accelerate particles from the plasma column at the acceleration region.