The compounds represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, m, n, L, R, are R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are as defined in the description, provides organic electroluminescence devices having device performance further improved.

The present invention provides a resin composition which is highly sensitive and exhibits high chemical resistance even in the case of being baked at a low temperature of 250° C. or less and can suppress the generation of outgas after curing. The present invention is a resin composition which contains (a) an alkali-soluble resin containing polyimide, polybenzoxazole, polyamide-imide, a precursor of any one of these compounds and/or a copolymer of these compounds and (b) an alkali-soluble resin having a monovalent or divalent group represented by the following general formula (1) in a structural unit and in which the modification rate of a phenolic hydroxyl group in the alkali-soluble resin (b) is 5% to 50%. ##STR00001##
(In general formula (1), O represents an oxygen atom. R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group which has 1 to 20 carbon atoms and may be substituted and R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. s and t each independently represent an integer from 0 to 3. Provided that (s+t)≥1. d represents an integer from 0 to 2. u represents an integer from 1 to 2, and * represents a chemical bond.)

The present disclosure relates to an aromatic amine derivative represented by general formula (I). ##STR00001## The aromatic amine derivative has fluorescence emission at a short light emission wavelength, and the light-emission spectrum of the aromatic amine derivative has a narrow half-peak width, and accordingly, the material has deep-blue fluorescence emission and has a very-high light emission efficiency. An organic electroluminescent component prepared by using the aromatic amine derivative has deep-blue color coordinates, a high light emission efficiency and a long life-span.

Stable perovskite films having substantially-no phase transition within a predetermined temperature range are disclosed. In the films, formation of carrier traps is suppressed. Thermally stable perovskite solar cells and light-emitting devices using the films are also disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and an organic light emitting device using the same. The compound is used as a material of an organic material layer of the organic light emitting device. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising a light-emitting layer B containing at least one host compound H of Formula (I) ##STR00001##
wherein each of X′.sub.1 and X′.sub.2 is independently from another selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and an optionally substituted carbon atom, and wherein at least one of R′.sub.1—R′.sub.10 is CN and at least one of R.sub.A—R.sub.E is a substituted silane residue.

The disclosure discloses an OLED element, a display panel, and a display device. The OLED element includes an anode, a light-emitting layer, a cathode stacked, and at least one of following components: an electric charge transfer and hole transmission component located between the anode and the light-emitting layer, where the electric charge transfer and hole transmission component includes a first light-induced electron transfer material and a hole transmission material; or an electric charge transfer and electron transmission component located between the cathode and the light-emitting layer, where the electric charge transfer and electron transmission component includes a second light-induced electron transfer material and an electron transmission material.

An element includes an electron transportation layer containing nanoparticles, a QD layer containing QD phosphor particles, and a mixed layer sandwiched between the electron transportation layer and the QD layer to be adjacent to these layers. The mixed layer contains QD phosphor particles and nanoparticles.

A display device includes a glass pane, a display panel which is transmissive, and a glass panel unit. The display panel faces a prescribed area of the glass pane and is within the prescribed area. The glass panel unit is disposed between the prescribed area of the glass pane and the display panel and is within the prescribed area. The glass panel unit has an internal space which is in a pressure-reduced condition.

The present invention provides a lighting system that can produce a gradation of brightness and gives an unprecedented characteristic impression. The lighting system is provided on a mounting surface and includes a plurality of strip-shaped plates each extending in a strip shape and one or a plurality of planar light sources, in which the plurality of strip-shaped plates are each arranged side by side at an interval such that a main surface of the strip-shaped plate intersects the mounting surface, wherein arrangement space is provided in an area outwardly extending from the strip-shaped plates, the planar light source is disposed in the arrangement space and constitutes an lengthy emission surface, and a part of light emitted from the emission surface enters between the strip-shaped plates during lighting.