An organic light emitting diode display including a first substrate, a plurality of electrodes on the first substrate and spaced apart from each other, a pixel defining layer on the plurality of electrodes, spacers on the pixel defining layer, and a second substrate on the spacers. The pixel defining layer includes a plurality of openings spaced apart from each other and respectively open to the plurality of electrodes. The spacers on the pixel defining layer are at crossing points of a plurality of virtual lines, the spacers crossing spaces between adjacent openings of the plurality of openings.

An organic light emitting diode display including a first substrate, a plurality of electrodes on the first substrate and spaced apart from each other, a pixel defining layer on the plurality of electrodes, spacers on the pixel defining layer, and a second substrate on the spacers. The pixel defining layer includes a plurality of openings spaced apart from each other and respectively open to the plurality of electrodes. The spacers on the pixel defining layer are at crossing points of a plurality of virtual lines, the spacers crossing spaces between adjacent openings of the plurality of openings.

An object is to provide a highly reliable display unit having a function of sensing light. The display unit includes a light-receiving device and a light-emitting device. The light-receiving device includes an active layer between a pair of electrodes. The light-emitting device includes a hole-injection layer, a light-emitting layer, and an electron-transport layer between a pair of electrodes. The light-receiving device and the light-emitting device share one of the electrodes, and may further share another common layer between the pair of electrodes. The hole-injection layer is in contact with an anode and contains a first compound and a second compound. The electron-transport property of the electron-transport layer is low; hence, the light-emitting layer is less likely to have excess electrons. Here, the first compound is the material having a property of accepting electrons from the second compound.

An apparatus and method are provided for a night vision system that integrates functions of detecting an intensified image and transmitting the intensified image superimposed with a heads-up display. The night vision system includes an optical device having a transparent display configured with pixels emitting display light (i.e., the heads-up display), and the transparent display has transmission regions arranged among the pixels for transmitting light representing an intensified image (e.g., luminescent light from a phosphor screen). Light rays passing through the transmission regions also pass through detectors, which detect light outside of the visible spectrum (e.g., UV light). By detecting light outside of the visible spectrum, the detectors detect the intensified image without degrading the image in the visible spectrum that is provided to users.

An apparatus and method are provided for a night vision system that integrates functions of detecting an intensified image and transmitting the intensified image superimposed with a heads-up display. The night vision system includes an optical device having a transparent display configured with pixels emitting display light (i.e., the heads-up display), and the transparent display has transmission regions arranged among the pixels for transmitting light representing an intensified image (e.g., luminescent light from a phosphor screen). Light rays passing through the transmission regions also pass through detectors, which detect light outside of the visible spectrum (e.g., UV light). By detecting light outside of the visible spectrum, the detectors detect the intensified image without degrading the image in the visible spectrum that is provided to users.

An organic compound is represented by Chemical Formula 1.

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In Chemical Formula 1, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Ar.sup.1, n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, and A.sup.2 are each the same as in the specification.

An integrated OLED display, preferably a microdisplay, comprising a base display that emits a pixelated image and an overlying stacked OLED amplification structure where the OLED amplification structure has at least two light-emitting OLED units separated by a charge-generation layer and a photodiode layer which generates a photocurrent upon exposure to light from the base display as well as the light emitted by the OLED units; wherein the pixelated emission from the base display causes pixelated light emission from the OLED amplification structure. The base display can comprise a single light emitting OLED unit on top of a silicon-based backplane with components nominally rated at 5V or less. The base display emits IR, NIR or red light to which the photodiode layer is sensitive. Cross-talk between the pixels may be controlled by the use of opaque optical dividers.

An electronic device including: a base layer; a display element layer disposed on the base layer and including a pixel defining layer that includes an opening, and a light emitting element and a light receiving element, which are separated by the pixel defining layer; and an input sensing layer disposed on the display element layer, wherein each of the light emitting element and the light receiving element includes: a first electrode; a hole transport region disposed on the first electrode; an electron transport region disposed on the hole transport region; and a second electrode disposed on the electron transport region, wherein the second electrode is a common layer in the light emitting element and the light receiving element, the light emitting element comprises a light emitting layer disposed between the hole transport region and the electron transport region, and the light receiving element comprises a light receiving layer which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and disposed in a layer different from the light emitting layer in a thickness direction of the electronic device.

An electronic device capable of detecting a difference in the way of touch is provided. An electronic device capable of detecting a difference in the way of touch with a small number of components is provided. An electronic device capable of executing various types of processes with simple operation is provided. The electronic device includes a control portion and a display portion. The display portion has a function of displaying an image on a screen and includes a detection portion. The detection portion has a function of detecting a touch operation and a function of imaging, at least twice, a detection object touching the screen. The control portion has a function of calculating a difference between the area of the detection object in first imaging and the area of the detection object in second imaging to execute a different process depending on whether the difference is larger or smaller than a reference.

An electronic device capable of detecting a difference in the way of touch is provided. An electronic device capable of detecting a difference in the way of touch with a small number of components is provided. An electronic device capable of executing various types of processes with simple operation is provided. The electronic device includes a control portion and a display portion. The display portion has a function of displaying an image on a screen and includes a detection portion. The detection portion has a function of detecting a touch operation and a function of imaging, at least twice, a detection object touching the screen. The control portion has a function of calculating a difference between the area of the detection object in first imaging and the area of the detection object in second imaging to execute a different process depending on whether the difference is larger or smaller than a reference.